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Related Concept Videos

Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

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Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
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Leukocyte disorders can lead to either leukopenia, characterized by an abnormally low leukocyte count, or leukocytosis, marked by a very high leukocyte number.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 1, 2026

In Vivo Infection with Leishmania amazonensis to Evaluate Parasite Virulence in Mice
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[Hematologic abnormalities in infantile visceral leishmaniasis].

S Chouchene1, N Braham1, A Bouatay1

  • 1Laboratoire d'hématologie, hôpital Farhat Hached, 4000 Sousse, Tunisie.

Archives De Pediatrie : Organe Officiel De La Societe Francaise De Pediatrie
|October 5, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Infantile visceral leishmaniasis presents with significant hematologic abnormalities, including anemia and leukopenia. Recognizing these blood changes aids in rapid diagnosis by identifying Leishman bodies in bone marrow.

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pediatrics

Context:

  • Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) diagnosis can be challenging due to overlapping clinical and hematological features.
  • Infantile VL often presents with non-specific symptoms that mimic other blood disorders.
  • Early identification of hematological abnormalities is crucial for timely VL diagnosis in children.

Purpose:

  • To investigate and document the spectrum of hematologic abnormalities in children diagnosed with visceral leishmaniasis.
  • To correlate clinical findings with specific hematological changes in infantile VL.
  • To highlight the diagnostic utility of recognizing hematological patterns in suspected VL cases.

Summary:

  • A study of 35 children with infantile visceral leishmaniasis revealed universal anemia, with prevalent leukopenia (51%), thrombocytopenia (48%), and pancytopenia (36%).
  • Bone marrow examination confirmed Leishman bodies and showed megakaryocyte abnormalities, dysgranulopoiesis (31%), and varied erythroid findings (hypoplasia 3%, hyperplasia 34%, dyserythropoiesis 71%).
  • Hemophagocytosis (6%) and multiple dysplasias (9%) were also noted, underscoring the complex hematological impact of VL.

Impact:

  • Understanding these hematological manifestations can guide clinicians toward prompt bone marrow smear examination for Leishman bodies.
  • This knowledge facilitates earlier diagnosis of infantile visceral leishmaniasis, potentially avoiding more complex diagnostic procedures.
  • Improved diagnostic efficiency can lead to earlier treatment initiation and better patient outcomes in pediatric VL.