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Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
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Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the...
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Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

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Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
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Compact Bone01:27

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Most bones contain compact and spongy osseous tissue, but their distribution and concentration vary based on the bone's overall function.
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...
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General Structure of a Vertebra01:30

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A typical vertebra, with the exception of the sacrum and coccyx, consists of a body, a vertebral arch, and seven different projections termed processes. The anterior portion of the vertebrae, the body, supports about half the body’s weight. The vertebral bodies progressively increase in size and thickness from the cervical region to the lumbar region of the vertebral column. The intervertebral discs present between the bodies of adjacent vertebrae firmly unites them, forming a continuous...
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Vertebral Column: Regions and Curvature01:16

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The vertebral column or spine is a flexible column that supports the head, neck, and body and  allows for their movements. It also protects the spinal cord.
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In an adult, the spine is subdivided into five regions: the cervical, the thoracic, the lumbar, the sacral, and the coccygeal region. The spine initially develops as a series of 33 vertebrae; after 20 years of age, the nine bones in the sacral region, five sacral, and four coccygeal bones fuse to form...
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Identifying osteoporotic vertebral fracture.

James F Griffith1

  • 1Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China.

Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery
|October 6, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Osteoporosis is a serious condition primarily due to fractures, not the disease itself. This article focuses on preventing osteoporotic fractures, especially vertebral fractures, which are the most common.

Keywords:
Vertebral fracturecomputed tomography (CT)magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)metastasesosteoporosisradiography

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Orthopedics
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue, leading to enhanced bone fragility.
  • While osteoporosis itself is not directly harmful, its consequences, particularly osteoporotic fractures, pose significant health risks and increase morbidity and mortality.
  • Preventative measures, diagnostic investigations, and therapeutic interventions for osteoporosis are all aimed at mitigating the risk of osteoporotic fractures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To emphasize the critical importance of preventing osteoporotic fractures as the primary goal in managing osteoporosis.
  • To highlight vertebral fractures as the most common type of osteoporotic fracture.
  • To discuss the clinical significance and diagnostic approaches for vertebral fractures.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review on osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data on fracture prevalence.
  • Discussion of diagnostic criteria and imaging techniques for vertebral fractures.

Main Results:

  • Osteoporotic fractures, especially vertebral fractures, are the main cause of morbidity and mortality associated with osteoporosis.
  • Vertebral fractures are the most prevalent type of osteoporotic fracture, significantly impacting patient health.
  • Early diagnosis and management of vertebral fractures are crucial for improving patient outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • The ultimate objective in osteoporosis management is the prevention of osteoporotic fractures.
  • Vertebral fractures represent a major clinical challenge in osteoporosis care due to their high prevalence and impact.
  • Understanding the significance and diagnosis of vertebral fractures is essential for effective patient management and reducing the burden of osteoporosis.