[Cutaneous loxoscelism mainly edematous: a case report].

Area of Science:

• Toxicology
• Dermatology
• Arachnology

Background:

• Loxoscelism in Chile results from Loxosceles laeta spider bites.
• Clinical manifestations include cutaneous loxoscelism (CL) and less common vicero-cutaneous loxoscelism.
• Cutaneous loxoscelism with edematous predominance (CLEP) is a rare variant (4%) of CL.

Observation:

• A 5-year-old patient presented with acute right eyelid pain and edema, progressing to involve the hemifacial area and other eyelids.
• Fever was associated with the initial symptoms.
• Differential diagnoses of angioedema and pre-orbital cellulitis were excluded, leading to suspicion of CLEP.

Findings:

• CLEP is characterized by significant edema, diluting the spider's venom.
• This dilution minimizes the enzymatic process responsible for necrosis.
• The condition is self-limited and generally benign, with little to no necrotic injury.

Implications:

• Early recognition of CLEP is crucial for appropriate management.
• Treatment is typically supportive and medical, leading to favorable outcomes.
• CLEP does not appear to involve visceral complications, distinguishing it from other forms of loxoscelism.