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Ligand-Mediated Nucleation and Growth of Palladium Metal Nanoparticles

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Bubble nucleation and migration in a lead-iron hydr(oxide) core-shell nanoparticle.

Kaiyang Niu¹, Timofey Frolov², Huolin L Xin¹

¹Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720;

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

|October 7, 2015

Summary

Researchers observed gas bubble formation and movement within iron hydroxide nanoparticles during transformation to iron oxide. This provides new insights into gas transport mechanisms in crystal lattices, crucial for understanding materials science and corrosion processes.

Keywords:

TEM bubbles core–shell nanoparticle liquid cell nucleation

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Nanotechnology
Solid-State Chemistry

Background:

Iron hydroxide transformations are relevant to biominerals and steel corrosion.
Gas transport through crystal lattices during these transformations remains poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the nucleation and migration of gas bubbles in iron (hydr)oxide.
To elucidate the mechanisms of gas transport during the transformation of iron hydroxide to iron oxide.

Main Methods:

In situ observation using transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
Utilizing Pb-FeOOH model core-shell nanoparticles in a liquid cell.
Employing geometric phase analysis (GPA) for lattice strain analysis.

Main Results:

Electron irradiation induced the transformation of iron hydroxide to iron oxide, generating gas bubbles.
Observed nucleation and migration of gas bubbles through the nanoparticle shell.
Identified inhomogeneous strain fields around bubbles using GPA.

Conclusions:

Elastic interactions between the core and gas bubbles drive bubble migration.
Provides a fundamental understanding of gas transport in crystalline materials.
Offers insights into processes like corrosion and material degradation.