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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
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Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Creatinine Concentration01:28

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Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can be estimated from serum creatinine using the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula or the chronic kidney disease–epidemiology collaboration (CKD–EPI) equation. Both methods are widely used in clinical practice to assess kidney function and guide treatment decisions.The MDRD equation does not require weight or height measurements and is normalized to the body surface area of 1.73 m², considered the average adult surface area.
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Renal Corpuscle01:20

Renal Corpuscle

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The glomerulus and Bowman's capsule are two essential components of the nephron, which is the functional unit of the kidney. These microscopic structures play a critical role in the process of blood filtration to produce urine.
Glomerulus: Structure and Function
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Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:28

Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
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Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

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Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
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Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations01:24

Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 1, 2026

Identification of the Source of Secreted Proteins in the Kidney by Brefeldin A Injection
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CD74 in Kidney Disease.

Lara Valiño-Rivas1, Ciro Baeza-Bermejillo2, Laura Gonzalez-Lafuente1

  • 1Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid , Madrid , Spain.

Frontiers in Immunology
|October 7, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The CD74 protein, a receptor for MIF, is elevated in various kidney diseases. Its role in kidney cell function and disease progression requires further investigation for therapeutic development.

Keywords:
CD74Fabryd-dopachrome tautomerase (d-DT/MIF-2)diabetesinflammationkidneymacrophage inhibitory factorpolycystic kidney disease

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Reliable and High Efficiency Extraction of Kidney Immune Cells
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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • CD74 (invariant MHC class II) is a key regulator of protein trafficking and a receptor for macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF).
  • Elevated CD74 expression is observed in kidney tubular cells, glomerular podocytes, and parietal cells across diverse human nephropathies, including metabolic disorders, polycystic kidney disease, graft rejection, and kidney cancer.
  • Kidney cell CD74 expression is upregulated by metabolic stressors (e.g., glucose, lyso-Gb3) and inflammatory cytokines.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the multifaceted role of CD74 in kidney cell biology and its implications in various kidney diseases.
  • To investigate the functional consequences of MIF-mediated CD74 activation in kidney cells.
  • To assess the therapeutic potential and risks associated with targeting the MIF/CD74 pathway in kidney disease.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of CD74 expression in human kidney diseases and experimental models.
  • Investigation of MIF-induced signaling pathways in kidney cells (podocytes, tubular cells, parietal cells).
  • Evaluation of the effects of MIF/CD74 pathway modulation on kidney injury, cystogenesis, and fibrosis.

Main Results:

  • MIF activation of CD74 promotes inflammatory cytokine production in podocytes and tubular cells, and proliferation in glomerular parietal epithelial and cyst cells.
  • MIF overexpression exacerbates experimental glomerular injury and cyst formation, while MIF targeting or CD74 deficiency confers protection against crescentic glomerulonephritis.
  • CD74 may offer protection against interstitial kidney fibrosis, but its expression on stressed kidney cells raises concerns for targeted cancer immunotherapies.

Conclusions:

  • CD74 plays a complex role in kidney pathophysiology, mediating both detrimental inflammatory responses and potentially protective mechanisms.
  • Understanding the intricate CD74 biology in kidney cells is crucial for developing effective and safe therapeutic strategies for kidney diseases.
  • Targeting the MIF/CD74 axis presents a potential therapeutic avenue, but careful consideration of CD74's dual roles and expression in stressed cells is warranted.