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Things we still haven't learned (so far).

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  • 1Center of Research on Welfare, Health and Sport (Centrum för Forskning om Välfärd, Hälsa och Idrott), Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden, and with the Department of Psychology, Linnaeus University, Växjö, Sweden.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Null hypothesis significance testing (NHST) remains prevalent despite its flaws. This study examines NHST issues, APA guidelines, and Bayesian alternatives in sport and exercise psychology research.

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Area of Science:

  • Sport and Exercise Psychology
  • Statistical Methods

Background:

  • Null hypothesis significance testing (NHST) has faced criticism for over 50 years.
  • Historical statistical ideas from Fisher and Neyman-Pearson contribute to current NHST practices.
  • Misinterpretations of p-values and effect sizes are common.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the inherent flaws and historical context of NHST.
  • To highlight APA publication manual guidelines on effect sizes and their interpretation.
  • To explore Bayesian statistics as a potential alternative to NHST.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of quantitative articles published between 2012-2014 in two leading sport and exercise psychology journals.
  • Review of common statistical practices and interpretations within published research.

Main Results:

  • The study identifies persistent issues with NHST application and interpretation in recent sport and exercise psychology literature.
  • Evidence suggests that APA guidelines regarding effect sizes are frequently overlooked.
  • Common misunderstandings of statistical significance persist.

Conclusions:

  • Despite decades of critique, NHST continues to be widely used with frequent misinterpretations.
  • There is a need for improved statistical education and adherence to reporting guidelines in psychology.
  • Bayesian statistical approaches offer a promising avenue for more meaningful data interpretation.