Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Fetal Circulation01:14

Fetal Circulation

4.6K
Fetal circulation is a unique system that facilitates the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products between the developing fetus and the mother. This intricate process takes place through a special organ called the placenta.
Two umbilical arteries transport blood from the fetus to the placenta. At the placenta, the blood absorbs oxygen and nutrients while simultaneously eliminating waste products. This oxygen-enriched and nutrient-rich blood then returns to the fetus through one...
4.6K
Gonadal and Placental Hormones01:24

Gonadal and Placental Hormones

4.0K
The gonads, namely the testes in males and the ovaries in females, are pivotal in producing gonadal hormones that orchestrate the intricate processes of sexual development and reproduction.
In males, testosterone is the primary gonadal androgen. It plays a central role in the maturation of male reproductive organs — the penis and testes. Additionally, testosterone is instrumental in the development of secondary sexual characteristics — a deep voice as well as facial and pubic hair...
4.0K
Development of Blood Vessels01:07

Development of Blood Vessels

1.9K
The development of the vascular system in a fetus is a complex and intricate process that begins as early as 15 to 16 days post-conception. This process starts outside the embryo, specifically in the mesoderm of the yolk sac, chorion, and connecting stalk. Approximately two days later, the formation of blood vessels occurs within the embryo itself.
The initial formation of this system is facilitated by the small amount of yolk present in the ovum and yolk sac. Blood vessels originate from...
1.9K
Cleavage and Blastulation01:33

Cleavage and Blastulation

51.4K
After a large-single-celled zygote is produced via fertilization, the process of cleavage occurs while zygotes travel through the uterine tube. Cleavage is a mitotic cell division that does not result in growth. With each round of successive cell division, daughter cells get increasingly smaller.
51.4K
Ovarian Cycle01:27

Ovarian Cycle

5.3K
The menstrual cycle includes a critical component known as the ovarian cycle, which undergoes two main phases each month—the follicular phase and the luteal phase. The follicular phase is variable and averaging around 14 days. Ovulation, triggered by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH), marks the transition between the two phases. The second phase, the luteal phase, is relatively consistent, lasting approximately 14 days, and is marked by the activity of the corpus luteum. While a cycle...
5.3K
Transcytosis of IgG01:15

Transcytosis of IgG

4.5K
Transcytosis is the process in which molecules are internalized by endocytosis, transported across the cell, and released through exocytosis from the opposite end of the cell. Molecules such as insulin, immunoglobulins, and certain nutrients are transferred through the recycling endosomes by recycling and transcytosis.
IgG molecules from a mother undergo transcytosis starting around 13 weeks of gestation. The amount of IgG transferred and entering the fetal blood circulation increases with...
4.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Integrative Proteomic and In Silico Analysis of Perfluorooctanoic Acid Exposures in Primary Human Placental Cytotrophoblasts.

Environmental science & technology·2026
Same author

Drug development for newborn brain injury.

Pediatric research·2026
Same author

Single-cell spatiotemporal dissection of the human maternal-fetal interface.

Nature·2026
Same author

Hypoxanthine-early biomarker of outcomes in an ovine model of neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy.

Pediatric research·2026
Same author

ARG1 Inhibition after Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury.

Developmental neuroscience·2026
Same author

Temporal and Spatial Gene Expression Dynamics in Neonatal HI Hippocampus with Focus on Arginase.

Cells·2026
Same journal

Hidden Messages in Extracellular Vesicles: Cross-Kingdom RNA Communication in Plant and Microbe Interactions.

Annual review of cell and developmental biology·2026
Same journal

mRNA-Scaffolded Cytoplasmic Compartments.

Annual review of cell and developmental biology·2026
Same journal

Developmental Programming of Human Kidney Function.

Annual review of cell and developmental biology·2026
Same journal

The Translation of Genetic Information in Neurodevelopment.

Annual review of cell and developmental biology·2026
Same journal

The Origin and Early Evolution of Fungi: Challenges, Inferences, and Principles.

Annual review of cell and developmental biology·2026
Same journal

Interstitial Spaces: A Basolateral Source of Structure and Signals.

Annual review of cell and developmental biology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Apr 1, 2026

Author Spotlight: Advancing Research Through Single Cell Sequencing and Spatial Histology in Placental Tissues
04:17

Author Spotlight: Advancing Research Through Single Cell Sequencing and Spatial Histology in Placental Tissues

Published on: September 8, 2023

2.2K

Placenta: the forgotten organ.

Emin Maltepe, Susan J Fisher

    Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology
    |October 8, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    The placenta facilitates nutrient exchange and fetal development by remodeling maternal blood vessels. Its unique biology prevents immune rejection and ensures hemostasis, crucial for both fetal and adult health.

    Keywords:
    developmentmetabolismplacentaprogrammingstem celltransport

    More Related Videos

    Determination of the Transport Rate of Xenobiotics and Nanomaterials Across the Placenta using the ex vivo Human Placental Perfusion Model
    08:08

    Determination of the Transport Rate of Xenobiotics and Nanomaterials Across the Placenta using the ex vivo Human Placental Perfusion Model

    Published on: June 18, 2013

    18.1K
    Isolation and Expansion of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Derived from Human Placenta Tissue
    12:40

    Isolation and Expansion of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Derived from Human Placenta Tissue

    Published on: June 6, 2016

    38.7K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Apr 1, 2026

    Author Spotlight: Advancing Research Through Single Cell Sequencing and Spatial Histology in Placental Tissues
    04:17

    Author Spotlight: Advancing Research Through Single Cell Sequencing and Spatial Histology in Placental Tissues

    Published on: September 8, 2023

    2.2K
    Determination of the Transport Rate of Xenobiotics and Nanomaterials Across the Placenta using the ex vivo Human Placental Perfusion Model
    08:08

    Determination of the Transport Rate of Xenobiotics and Nanomaterials Across the Placenta using the ex vivo Human Placental Perfusion Model

    Published on: June 18, 2013

    18.1K
    Isolation and Expansion of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Derived from Human Placenta Tissue
    12:40

    Isolation and Expansion of Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Derived from Human Placenta Tissue

    Published on: June 6, 2016

    38.7K

    Area of Science:

    • Reproductive biology
    • Developmental biology
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • The placenta is vital for nutrient and waste exchange between mother and fetus.
    • Placental cells (trophoblasts) invade and remodel uterine vasculature for pregnancy.
    • Trophoblasts avoid maternal immune rejection and maintain hemostasis at the maternal-fetal interface.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To provide an overview of emerging research in placental biology.
    • To highlight the complexity of placental cellular composition.
    • To emphasize the placenta's role in fetal development and its connection to long-term health.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of current scientific literature on placental biology.
    • Synthesis of emerging research findings.
    • Analysis of placental cell functions and interactions.

    Main Results:

    • Placental biology is highly complex, involving specialized trophoblast cells.
    • Trophoblasts possess unique mechanisms to evade maternal immune responses.
    • The placenta plays a critical role in guiding fetal development and metabolism.

    Conclusions:

    • Understanding placental complexity is key to understanding fetal and adult health.
    • Emerging research reveals novel insights into the placenta's functions.
    • The placenta's role extends beyond nutrient exchange to influence long-term well-being.