Advances in explosives analysis--part II: photon and neutron methods

Area of Science:

• Analytical Chemistry
• Forensic Science
• Security Technology

Background:

• Explosives detection methods have rapidly advanced since 2009.
• Previous reviews covered animal, chemical, ion, and mechanical detection techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

• To critically review the latest advances (past five years) in explosives detection methods.
• To detail improvements over previous techniques and suggest future research directions.
• To focus on photon- and neutron-based detection technologies.

Main Methods:

• Review of scientific literature from the past five years.
• Critical evaluation of photon-based methods (X-rays, gamma rays, terahertz radiation).
• Analysis of neutron-based detection techniques.

Main Results:

• Significant improvements in explosives detection capabilities have been achieved.
• Photon- and neutron-based methods offer promising avenues for enhanced detection.
• Advances focus on increasing stand-off distance, lowering detection limits, and improving selectivity.

Conclusions:

• Photon- and neutron-based methods represent key areas for future explosives detection research.
• Further development is needed for penetration through camouflage and packaging.
• Continued innovation is crucial for effective counter-terrorism and security.