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Inhaled mannitol for cystic fibrosis
Sarah J Nolan1, Judith Thornton, Clare S Murray
1Department of Biostatistics, The University of Liverpool, Duncan Building, Daulby Street, Liverpool, UK, L69 3GA.
The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|October 10, 2015
Summary
Inhaled dry powder mannitol improves lung function in cystic fibrosis patients over six months. Quality of life did not consistently improve, and side effects were generally mild, with cough being most common.
Area of Science:
- Respiratory Medicine
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Cystic fibrosis (CF) affects airway mucus clearance.
- Inhaled dry powder mannitol is a novel treatment option for CF.
- Its mechanism involves increasing mucociliary clearance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the safety and efficacy of inhaled dry powder mannitol in CF patients.
- To assess mannitol's impact on quality of life and respiratory function.
- To identify associated adverse events.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing mannitol to placebo or active comparators.
- Searched Cochrane Cystic Fibrosis and Genetic Disorders Group Trials Register.
- Independent assessment of study inclusion, data extraction, and risk of bias.
Main Results:
- Mannitol improved lung function (FEV1) over six months compared to control.
- No consistent improvements in quality of life were observed, though treatment burden was lower initially.
- Pulmonary exacerbations showed a potential reduction, but the effect was imprecise. Common side effects included cough and bronchospasm.
Conclusions:
- Inhaled mannitol demonstrates benefits in lung function for CF patients over six months.
- Evidence for improved quality of life is limited, and long-term benefits require further investigation.
- Mannitol may be considered for CF treatment, but comparative studies with other mucolytics are needed.
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