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Correlation Between High-Density Lipoprotein and Monocyte Subsets in Patients with Stable Coronary Heart Disease
Shaoyan Jiang1, Dan Li2, Jian Li2
1Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China (mainland).
Insights
Small high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels correlate with increased proinflammatory non-classical monocytes (NCM) and decreased classical monocytes (CM) in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients, suggesting a link to immune function in atherosclerosis progression.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Science
- Immunology
- Lipid Metabolism
Background:
- High-density lipoprotein (HDL) comprises diverse particles with varying functions, increasingly recognized for its role in atherosclerosis.
- Dysfunctional small HDL particles are observed in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients.
- Monocytes, crucial in atherosclerosis, are classified into three subsets: classical (CM), intermediate (IM), and non-classical (NCM).
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between HDL subfractions and monocyte subsets in patients with stable CAD.
- To explore the relationship between small HDL levels and the distribution of monocyte populations.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of 90 stable CAD patients.
- Monocyte subset identification using CD14 and CD16 surface markers (CM, IM, NCM).
- Quantification of HDL components, specifically HDL subfractions, using high-resolution polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.
Main Results:
- Serum small HDL levels showed a positive correlation with circulating proinflammatory NCM (r=0.30; p=0.004).
- Small HDL levels were negatively correlated with CM.
- No significant correlation was found between small HDL and IM, nor with disease severity markers like diabetes or hypertension.
Conclusions:
- Small HDL levels are significantly associated with increased NCM and decreased CM in CAD patients.
- This suggests a proinflammatory link between small HDL and the innate immune system during stable CAD progression.
- The findings highlight the complex interplay between HDL metabolism and immune cell function in cardiovascular disease.
Background:
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) consists of heterogeneous particles with a variety of structures and functions. Its role in atherosclerosis has been gradually recognized. Studies have shown dysfunction of small HDL in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Monocytes play an important role in atherosclerosis, which can be divided into 3 subgroups based on the expression of surface markers CD14 and CD16. This study aimed to investigate the association between HDL and monocyte subsets in CAD patients.
Material And Methods:
A total of 90 patients with stable CAD were selected in this study. Monocytes were divided into classical monocytes (CM, CD14++CD16-), intermediate monocytes (IM, CD14++CD16+), and non-classical monocytes (NCM, CD14+CD16++). HDL components in serum were determined by high-resolution polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (detected by Quantimetrix HDL Lipoprint system, referring to HDL subfractions analysis: A new laboratory diagnostic assay for patients with cardiovascular diseases and dyslipoproteinemia).
Results:
Serum level of small HDL was positively correlated with circulating proinflammatory NCM (r=0.30; p=0.004), negatively correlated with CM, and not correlated with IM. We also found that disease severity was not associated with diabetes mellitus, glycosylated hemoglobin, hypertension, smoking history, or statin dosage.
Conclusions:
Our study confirmed that small HDL level is associated with an increase in NCM and a decrease in CM, suggesting the proinflammatory relationship between small HDL and intrinsic immune function during the progression of stable CAD.
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