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Evolution of phagocytic function in monocytes and neutrophils blood cells of healthy calves

Camila F Batista1, Maiara G Blagitz2, Heloisa G Bertagnon1

  • 1Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Department of Internal Medicine, University of São Paulo-FMVZ-USP, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, São Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil.

Journal of Dairy Science
|October 19, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Newborn calf immunity gradually matures, with key functional changes in phagocytes observed around 40 days. Calf immune systems require more than 90 days to fully develop innate immune responses.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Immunology
  • Neonatal Immunity
  • Calf Health

Background:

  • Newborn calf immune systems are immature at birth.
  • Understanding the establishment of innate immunity is crucial for defining immune profiles in calves.
  • Passive immunity from colostrum influences early immune responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the maturation of the innate immune system in healthy calves during the first 90 days of life.
  • To evaluate functional changes in blood phagocytes (CD14+ and CH138+ cells).
  • To determine the timeline of innate immune response maturation in calves.

Main Methods:

  • Monitoring twelve healthy calves over 8 time periods within the first 90 days.
  • Collecting blood samples to analyze phagocytes expressing CD14 and CH138 surface molecules.
  • Evaluating phagocytic functionality against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and measuring reactive oxygen species production.

Main Results:

  • Functional changes in CD14+ and CH138+ cells were observed around 40 days of age.
  • Sporadic increases in phagocytosis and reactive oxygen species production occurred, followed by decreased phagocytosis at 60 days.
  • Fewer phagocytes were active from 40 days, but those active showed greater efficacy, potentially due to reduced influence of passive immunity.

Conclusions:

  • Calf phagocytes begin supporting the immune response without passive immunity influence around 40 days.
  • The innate immune response in healthy calves does not reach full maturation stability by 90 days of age.
  • These findings provide insights into the developmental immunology of calves.

Keywords:
flow cytometryinnate immunitynewborn calfoxidative metabolismphagocytosis

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