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A Review of Frailty in Developing Countries.

T N Nguyen1, R G Cumming, S N Hilmer

  • 1Tu Nguyen, MD, PhD Candidate, Room 121A Edward Ford Building, School of Public Health, The University of Sydney NSW 2006 Australia, Phone. (+61) 02 93516898

The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging
|October 21, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Frailty is increasingly recognized in aging populations globally. This review highlights its significant prevalence and association with adverse outcomes in developing countries, necessitating policy attention.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Global population aging is increasing the prevalence and clinical significance of frailty.
  • Limited research exists on frailty within developing nations.
  • This study addresses the gap by reviewing frailty's prevalence, definitions, and associated factors in developing countries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize existing evidence on frailty prevalence in developing countries.
  • To examine the various definitions and criteria used to identify frailty.
  • To identify factors associated with frailty in these regions.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a comprehensive literature search using MEDLINE and EMBASE.
  • Utilized keywords including "frailty", "prevalence", "developing country", and specific low-to-middle income country names.
  • Included studies classified by the World Bank.

Main Results:

  • Reviewed 14 articles from Brazil, China, Mexico, Russia, India, and Peru.
  • Fried's phenotype was the predominant definition of frailty.
  • Reported frailty prevalence varied widely: 17%-31% (Brazil, community), 15% (Mexico, community), 5%-31% (China, community), 21%-44% (Russia, community), 49% (Brazil, institutionalized), 32% (India, hospitalized), 55%-71% (Brazil, outpatient), 28% (Peru, outpatient).
  • Frailty correlated with increased mortality, comorbidities, reduced physical/cognitive function, and poorer health perception.

Conclusions:

  • Available evidence indicates frailty is common among older adults in developing countries.
  • Frailty is linked to adverse health outcomes.
  • Findings have significant implications for healthcare policy and service provision for aging populations in developing regions.