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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
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RNA Pull-down Procedure to Identify RNA Targets of a Long Non-coding RNA
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Associating schizophrenia, long non-coding RNAs and neurostructural dynamics.

Veronica Merelo1, Dante Durand1, Adam R Lescallette2

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Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) may explain schizophrenia's genetic links to brain structure changes. These molecules regulate gene transcription and could reconcile diverse schizophrenia findings, offering new research avenues.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Schizophrenia has a significant genetic basis, but its precise role in the illness's pathophysiology is unclear.
  • Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are regulators of gene transcription with potential roles in complex diseases.
  • Consistent findings in schizophrenia include reduced brain size and enlarged ventricles, linked to altered neuronal structure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the association between specific lncRNAs and schizophrenia.
  • To investigate the potential role of lncRNAs in regulating neurostructural dynamics.
  • To propose how lncRNAs might bridge genetic findings with neuroimaging and postmortem evidence in schizophrenia.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing evidence associating specific lncRNAs with schizophrenia.
  • Discussion of lncRNA functions in gene regulation and neuroplasticity.
  • Theoretical framework linking lncRNAs to dynamic neurostructural changes.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests specific lncRNAs are associated with schizophrenia.
  • lncRNAs are implicated as potential regulators of lifelong neuronal structural plasticity.
  • A theoretical model is presented to reconcile genetic and neurobiological findings in schizophrenia via lncRNAs.

Conclusions:

  • Specific lncRNAs represent promising candidates for understanding schizophrenia's genetic underpinnings.
  • lncRNAs may play a crucial role in regulating the dynamic changes in neuronal structure throughout life.
  • The proposed lncRNA-mediated neurostructural dynamics could unify disparate observations in schizophrenia research.