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Related Experiment Videos

Problem solving and strategy production in mentally retarded persons.

R P Ferretti1

  • 1Department of Educational Studies, University of Delaware, Newark 19716.

Research in Developmental Disabilities
|January 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Individuals with intellectual disabilities can produce and generalize problem-solving strategies when task comprehension is ensured and multiple examples are provided during instruction.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Special Education

Background:

  • Decades of research suggest individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) lack spontaneous strategy production and generalization.
  • This perceived deficit is often linked to underlying issues in higher-order cognitive control and knowledge systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing research on strategy use in individuals with ID.
  • To challenge the notion that individuals with ID are inherently non-strategic.
  • To identify factors influencing strategy production and generalization.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating problem-solving strategies in individuals with intellectual disabilities.
  • Analysis of factors affecting strategy use, including task comprehension and instructional methods.

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Main Results:

  • Individuals with ID demonstrate strategic behavior when task demands are clear and understood.
  • Generalization of strategies is achievable through instructional experience with diverse task examples.
  • Superordinate, representational, and nonvolitional factors play a role in strategy use.

Conclusions:

  • The capacity for strategic problem-solving in individuals with ID is often underestimated.
  • Effective instruction and clear task comprehension are crucial for eliciting strategic behavior.
  • Further research should explore the interplay of cognitive factors in strategy development for individuals with ID.