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Acute rheumatic fever in Wisconsin
Wisconsin Medical Journal
|February 1, 1989
Summary
Acute rheumatic fever remains prevalent in Wisconsin, affecting children with symptoms like joint pain and heart inflammation. Prompt treatment of Group A streptococcal infections is crucial to prevent further cases.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Infectious Diseases
- Cardiology
Background:
- Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is a significant concern, particularly in pediatric populations.
- The revised Jones criteria are essential for diagnosing ARF.
- Understanding the epidemiology of ARF is vital for public health interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the incidence and clinical presentation of ARF in a pediatric hospital.
- To assess the association between ARF and preceding streptococcal infections.
- To inform strategies for ARF prevention in Wisconsin.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of medical records of patients hospitalized with first-time ARF.
- Inclusion criteria: fulfillment of revised Jones criteria from January 1980 to May 1988.
- Data collection focused on clinical manifestations and treatment history.
Main Results:
- 13 patients were hospitalized with ARF during the study period.
- Migratory polyarthritis (92%) and carditis (62%) were the most common manifestations.
- Mitral regurgitation was universal in patients with carditis.
- Only 46% reported a preceding streptococcal infection, with half receiving antibiotics.
Conclusions:
- ARF continues to be prevalent in eastern Wisconsin.
- Effective identification and treatment of Group A streptococcal pharyngitis are critical for ARF prevention.
- Public health efforts should focus on early diagnosis and management of streptococcal infections to reduce ARF incidence.