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Competitive binding among oral strptococci to hydroxyapatite.

W F Liljemark, S V Schauer

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    |February 1, 1977
    PubMed
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    Different oral streptococci show varying affinities for hydroxyapatite (HA). Streptococcus mutans exhibits the highest affinity for dextran-coated HA, while Streptococcus salivarius shows the lowest. Competition for binding sites occurs, but not always at the exact same location.

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    Area of Science:

    • Oral microbiology
    • Biomaterials science
    • Dental research

    Background:

    • Oral streptococci are key colonizers of tooth surfaces.
    • Hydroxyapatite (HA) is the primary mineral component of teeth.
    • Bacterial adhesion to HA is a critical first step in biofilm formation and dental caries.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare the relative affinities of different oral streptococci species for hydroxyapatite.
    • To investigate the influence of HA coating type (dextran-coated vs. saliva-coated) on bacterial adhesion.
    • To understand the nature of competitive binding between streptococci species for HA binding sites.

    Main Methods:

    • Assessing the binding affinity of various oral streptococci species to hydroxyapatite.
    • Utilizing different HA coating methods, including dextran-coated and saliva-coated HA.
    • Analyzing competitive binding interactions between streptococci for available binding sites.

    Main Results:

    • Significant variations in affinity were observed among oral streptococci for hydroxyapatite.
    • Streptococcus mutans demonstrated the highest affinity for dextran-coated HA compared to other streptococci.
    • Streptococcus salivarius exhibited the lowest affinity, while Streptococcus sanguis showed higher affinity than Streptococcus miteor for saliva-coated HA.
    • Competition for binding sites was evident on saliva-dextran-coated and dextran-coated HA, with closely associated, rather than identical, sites being involved.

    Conclusions:

    • Oral streptococcal affinity for hydroxyapatite is species- and coating-dependent.
    • Streptococcus mutans' high affinity for dextran-coated HA suggests a significant role in initial colonization.
    • Understanding competitive binding mechanisms is crucial for developing strategies to prevent oral biofilm formation.