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What Do People Find Incompatible With Causal Determinism?

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

People perceive "active" behaviors as incompatible with determinism, while "passive" behaviors are seen as compatible. This distinction, not reasoning or predictability, shapes judgments about free will and determinism.

Keywords:
CausationDeterminismExperimental philosophyFree willMorality

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Philosophy of Mind
  • Determinism Studies

Background:

  • Understanding the compatibility of human behavior with determinism is a long-standing philosophical and psychological debate.
  • Previous research has explored various factors influencing these judgments, with mixed results.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how people judge the compatibility of different behaviors with a deterministic universe.
  • To identify the specific features of behavior that influence these judgments.

Main Methods:

  • Four studies presented participants with a deterministic universe scenario.
  • Participants assessed the possibility of various behaviors and their associated features (e.g., reasoning, predictability).
  • Statistical analyses examined the predictive power of behavior features on determinism compatibility judgments.

Main Results:

  • Judgments of determinism compatibility were not predicted by factors like reliance on physical brain processes, uniqueness to humans, unpredictability, or reasoning.
  • A key distinction emerged between "active" and "passive" behaviors, significantly explaining compatibility judgments (Experiment 3).
  • This active/passive distinction was robustly measurable and predictable by specific cues (Experiment 4).

Conclusions:

  • People intuitively categorize mentally guided behaviors into two types: active (incompatible with determinism) and passive (compatible).
  • This active-passive distinction, rather than other cognitive features, is the primary driver of judgments about behavior and determinism.
  • Findings suggest a nuanced folk psychological model of determinism and agency.