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Candida glabrata mating-type switching via HO gene expression is lethal for most cells, causing mortality and chromosomal rearrangements. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae HO gene is the most efficient inducer.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Yeast Genetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Candida glabrata is an asexual yeast related to Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
  • It possesses mating-type (MAT) cassettes and an HO gene homolog but lacks spontaneous mating-type switching.
  • The Nakaseomyces clade, including C. glabrata, shares these genetic features.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the functional expression of HO genes from Nakaseomyces and S. cerevisiae in C. glabrata.
  • To determine the efficiency of mating-type switching induced by these HO genes.
  • To assess the impact of HO-induced mating-type switching on C. glabrata cell viability and genome stability.

Main Methods:

  • Expression of HO genes from various Nakaseomyces species and S. cerevisiae in C. glabrata.
  • Monitoring of mating-type switching events.
  • Assessment of cell mortality and chromosomal integrity in switched cells.

Main Results:

  • All tested HO genes induced mating-type switching in C. glabrata.
  • The S. cerevisiae HO gene demonstrated the highest endonuclease efficiency.
  • HO-induced switching led to significant cell mortality and chromosomal rearrangements, including HML cassette conversion.

Conclusions:

  • Mating-type switching in C. glabrata, particularly when induced by heterologous HO genes, is a lethal process for the majority of cells.
  • The presence of HO recognition sites in HML and HMR contributes to cell death and genomic instability.
  • The endogenous HO gene in C. glabrata is likely rarely active to ensure cell survival and genome integrity.