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Mitral Annulus Calcification

Yigal Abramowitz1, Hasan Jilaihawi1, Tarun Chakravarty1

  • 1Cedars-Sinai Heart Institute, Los Angeles, California.

Journal of the American College of Cardiology
|October 24, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Mitral annulus calcification (MAC) is a common heart condition linked to increased cardiovascular risks. Understanding its mechanisms and clinical impact is crucial for patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Valvular Heart Disease
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Mitral annulus calcification (MAC) is a chronic, degenerative process affecting the mitral valve's fibrous base.
  • Initially considered age-related, MAC development is increasingly linked to atherosclerosis and calcium-phosphorus metabolism.
  • The clinical significance of MAC is often underestimated despite its prevalence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a clinically relevant description of MAC using contemporary imaging.
  • To elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying MAC formation.
  • To outline the clinical implications of MAC in cardiovascular disease management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of available published data on Mitral Annulus Calcification.
  • Analysis of contemporary imaging techniques for MAC assessment.
  • Synthesis of information on pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical relevance.

Main Results:

  • MAC is associated with higher rates of cardiovascular disease, mitral valve disease, arrhythmias, and mortality.
  • MAC impacts outcomes of cardiac surgery and interventions.
  • Clinical relevance of MAC is expected to grow with advancements like transcatheter mitral valve replacement.

Conclusions:

  • MAC is a significant clinical entity with broad cardiovascular implications.
  • Understanding MAC's pathophysiology and clinical impact is essential for improving patient care.
  • Contemporary imaging provides a basis for a consistent clinical description of MAC.
Keywords:
calcifiedcardiovascular diseasesmitral annular calcificationmitral valvevalvular calcification

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