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Metabolic changes in normal- and underweight children with obstructive sleep-disordered breathing

Jagdish Chander Suri1, Manas Kamal Sen1, Rahul Sharma1

  • 1Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India.

Sleep Medicine
|October 27, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in children is linked to altered metabolic profiles, with body weight and illness duration impacting glucose and lipid levels. This research highlights the metabolic consequences of SDB in normal- and underweight children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Metabolic Disorders
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is associated with various health issues in children.
  • Adenotonsillar hypertrophy is a common cause of SDB in pediatric populations.
  • The metabolic implications of SDB in normal- and underweight children require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the metabolic profile of normal- and underweight children diagnosed with SDB.
  • To compare metabolic parameters between children with SDB and healthy controls.
  • To explore the influence of body weight and illness duration on metabolic markers in children with SDB.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 39 children (3-15 years) with SDB and 28 age/gender-matched controls were studied.
  • Measurements included BMI z-score, blood pressure, and fasting serum levels of lipids (triglycerides, HDL, LDL, VLDL, cholesterol), glucose, insulin, and HOMA.
  • Children with SDB were subgrouped by weight (normal and underweight) to analyze the effect of body mass.

Main Results:

  • Children with SDB exhibited significantly lower fasting blood glucose and higher HDL, LDL, and cholesterol levels compared to controls.
  • Fasting insulin and HOMA values were elevated in children with SDB.
  • In normal- and underweight children with SDB, increased fasting insulin, HOMA, and blood glucose were observed.
  • Illness duration correlated significantly with fasting insulin, HOMA, fasting glucose, and diastolic blood pressure.

Conclusions:

  • Body weight and duration of illness independently affect metabolic and blood pressure parameters in children with SDB.
  • SDB in normal- and underweight children is associated with significant metabolic alterations.
  • These findings underscore the importance of addressing SDB to mitigate metabolic risks in pediatric patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
Adenotonsillar enlargementInsulin resistanceMetabolic changesNormal and underweight childrenSleep-disordered breathing in children

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