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Study of Normal Branching Pattern of the Coeliac Trunk and its Variations Using CT Angiography

Lakshana Selvaraj1, Indumathi Sundaramurthi2

  • 1Lecturer, Department of Anatomy, Sri Ramakrishna Dental College , Coimbatore, India .

Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research : JCDR
|October 27, 2015
PubMed

Insights

The coeliac artery most commonly originates between T12 and L1 vertebrae and typically trifurcates. Understanding these common variations is crucial for safe abdominal surgeries and interventions.

Area of Science:

  • Anatomy
  • Vascular Surgery
  • Embryology

Background:

  • Vascular anomalies are clinically significant, impacting surgical procedures and diagnostic angiography.
  • The coeliac artery exhibits considerable variability in its length, course, and branching patterns.
  • Anomalous origins of coeliac artery branches can arise from the main trunk or directly from the aorta.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the vertebral level of coeliac artery origin.
  • To investigate the branching patterns and variations of the coeliac artery.
  • To utilize computed tomographic angiography in a cohort of 75 subjects for detailed anatomical assessment.

Main Methods:

  • Computed tomographic angiography was employed to visualize the coeliac artery.
  • Subjects (n=75) were analyzed for origin level and branching patterns.
  • Classifications by Adachi and Lipshutz were used, with comparisons to existing literature.

Main Results:

  • The coeliac artery originated between T12 and L1 vertebrae in 70.6% of cases.
  • Trifurcation of the coeliac trunk occurred in 90.6% of subjects, predominantly the classical type.
  • Observed variations included trunk bifurcation (8%) and separate aortic origin of the common hepatic artery (1.3%).

Conclusions:

  • Detailed knowledge of coeliac artery anatomy and its common variants is essential for surgical planning.
  • Understanding anatomical variations prevents iatrogenic injuries during abdominal surgeries and image-guided interventions.
  • Successful outcomes in liver transplantation, chemotherapy, and embolization procedures depend on awareness of coeliac artery anomalies.
Abstract

Keywords:
CHA: Common Hepatic ArteryCT: Computed TomographyCTA: Computerized Tomographic AngiographyDPA: Dorsal Pancreatico Duodenal ArteryGDA: Gastro Duodenal ArteryIMA: Inferior Mesenteric Artery

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