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Updated: Mar 31, 2026

Screening of Axonal Degeneration in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Using Ultrasonography and Nerve Conduction Studies
Published on: January 11, 2019
Diagnostic markers of axonal degeneration and demyelination in sensory nerve conduction
Shin J Oh1, Shoji Hemmi2, Yuki Hatanaka3
1Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
Introduction:
The aim of this study was to formulate diagnostic hallmarks of axonal degeneration and demyelination in sensory nerve conduction studies (NCS).
Methods:
We compared nerve conduction data obtained with surface electrode (SE) NCS and on-nerve needle (ONN) NCS in 50 cases of demyelination and 22 cases of axonal degeneration as assessed by sural nerve biopsy.
Results:
The overall diagnostic sensitivities of sensory nerve conduction were 26% by SE-NCS and 69% by ONN-NCS. The most helpful marker for demyelination was negative-peak nerve conduction velocity (NP-NCV), using a 36% decrease from the means in both techniques. Dispersion was also helpful in identifying demyelination. Low amplitude and absence of compound nerve action potential were indicative of general pathology in SE-NCS but of axonal degeneration in ONN-NCS.
Conclusion:
Although diagnostic sensitivity is low, NP-NCV and dispersion can be used for diagnosis of demyelination in sensory NCS. Muscle Nerve 53: 866-871, 2016.
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