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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System01:18

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The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is an intricate network of nerves that controls functions such as the regulation of heart rate, digestion, and blood pressure regulation. When this system malfunctions, it can lead to various disorders that affect multiple bodily functions. One common feature of many autonomic disorders is the involvement of smooth blood vessels, which play a crucial role in regulating blood flow throughout the body.
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Autonomic Nervous System01:22

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The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is a critical component of the peripheral nervous system, primarily responsible for regulating involuntary bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. It functions in tandem with the central nervous system (CNS) to seamlessly coordinate various physiological processes without the need for conscious control.
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The human nervous system is divided into two main parts: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS is composed of the brain and spinal cord, while the PNS contains nerve cells, clusters of nerve cells, and the sensory receptors that are outside the CNS. The PNS has two types of nerve cells: sensory (afferent) and motor (efferent). Sensory cells send signals to the CNS from receptors, and motor cells carry signals from the CNS to organs, muscles, and...
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Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
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Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
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Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
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Quantitative Autonomic Testing
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Autonomic Neuropathy.

Jennifer Dineen1, Roy Freeman1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Center for Autonomic and Peripheral Nerve Disorders, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

Seminars in Neurology
|October 28, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Autonomic neuropathies selectively target small nerve fibers, causing various functional impairments. Diagnostic advancements now allow for accurate diagnosis and monitoring of these conditions.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Autonomic Nervous System Research

Background:

  • Most generalized peripheral neuropathies involve autonomic nerve fibers, often mildly.
  • A subset of neuropathies selectively targets small or unmyelinated autonomic fibers.
  • Conditions include diabetic, amyloid, immune-mediated, inherited, infectious, and toxic autonomic neuropathies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the scope of autonomic neuropathies.
  • To highlight the clinical manifestations of autonomic dysfunction.
  • To discuss diagnostic advancements in autonomic neuropathy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on autonomic neuropathies.
  • Discussion of clinical presentations affecting cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, urogenital, thermoregulatory, sudomotor, and pupillomotor functions.
  • Emphasis on diagnostic tools including physiological tests and structural studies of cutaneous innervation.

Main Results:

  • Autonomic neuropathies present with diverse functional impairments.
  • Physiological tests and structural imaging have improved diagnostic accuracy.
  • Laboratory testing aids in diagnosis and monitoring disease progression.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis of autonomic neuropathies is achievable.
  • Diagnostic tools enable effective clinical progression monitoring.
  • Understanding autonomic fiber involvement is crucial for patient management.