Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 31, 2026

Temporal Analysis of the Nuclear-to-cytoplasmic Translocation of a Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Protein by Immunofluorescent Confocal Microscopy
06:40

Temporal Analysis of the Nuclear-to-cytoplasmic Translocation of a Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Protein by Immunofluorescent Confocal Microscopy

Published on: November 4, 2018

6.7K

Microtubule plus end-associated CLIP-170 initiates HSV-1 retrograde transport in primary human cells

Vladimir Jovasevic1, Mojgan H Naghavi2, Derek Walsh3

  • 1Department of Microbiology-Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611.

The Journal of Cell Biology
|October 28, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Herpes simplex virus uses specific plus-end tracking proteins (EB1, CLIP-170, DCTN1) to initiate transport in human cells. Blocking these proteins severely inhibits viral infection and long-range movement.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Dynamic microtubules (MTs) are crucial for intracellular transport.
  • Plus-end tracking proteins (+TIPs) mediate interactions between MTs and cellular components.
  • The role of +TIPs in viral particle transport is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the mechanism by which herpes simplex virus (HSV) initiates intracellular transport.
  • To identify the specific +TIPs involved in the early stages of HSV post-entry transport.
  • To determine the functional significance of +TIP-mediated capture for HSV infection.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized RNA interference and dominant-negative approaches to deplete specific +TIPs.
  • Employed live cell imaging to track the movement of HSV particles.
  • Assessed the impact of +TIP depletion on viral infection rates and other cellular transport processes.

Main Results:

  • Herpes simplex virus particles utilize a +TIP complex (EB1, CLIP-170, DCTN1) for retrograde transport initiation.
  • Depletion of these +TIPs completely blocked HSV long-range transport and reduced infection by ~5,000-fold.
  • Other cellular transport processes, including transferrin uptake and lysosome/mitochondria movement, were unaffected.

Conclusions:

  • HSV particles engage MTs via specific +TIPs, acting as essential receptors for initiating transport.
  • This +TIP-mediated capture is critical for HSV post-entry movement and infection establishment.
  • Herpesvirus particles represent a rare cargo class absolutely dependent on CLIP-170 for transport initiation, suggesting potential therapeutic targets.

More Related Videos

Live Cell Imaging of Alphaherpes Virus Anterograde Transport and Spread15:31

Live Cell Imaging of Alphaherpes Virus Anterograde Transport and Spread

Published on: August 16, 2013

11.6K
Tyramide Signal Amplification for the Immunofluorescent Staining of ZBP1-Dependent Phosphorylation of RIPK3 and MLKL After HSV-1 Infection in Human Cells09:15

Tyramide Signal Amplification for the Immunofluorescent Staining of ZBP1-Dependent Phosphorylation of RIPK3 and MLKL After HSV-1 Infection in Human Cells

Published on: October 20, 2022

2.9K

Related Concept Videos

Intracellular Movement of Viruses and Bacteria01:10

Intracellular Movement of Viruses and Bacteria

Intracellular bacteria and viruses often comprise a group of highly infectious pathogens that can cause several diseases. Bacterial pathogens include those belonging to the genus Rickettsia responsible for conditions such as rocky mountain spotted fever and the Mediterranean spotted fever; Chlamydia, a genus responsible for a sexually transmitted disease; Coxiella burnetii, an agent responsible for Q fever. Viral pathogens include vaccinia—a poxvirus, and herpes simplex virus—a...
3.8K
Intralumenal Vesicles and Multivesicular Bodies01:38

Intralumenal Vesicles and Multivesicular Bodies

Intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) are small vesicles 50-80 nm in diameter formed during the maturation of early endosomes. A specialized endosome containing numerous ILVs is called a multivesicular body (MVB). ILVs contain internalized molecules such as antigens, nucleic acids, proteins, and metabolites. Some of these molecules are released from the MVBs inside exosomes and are transported to other cells. Other MVBs contain molecules that are retained in the ILVs and are later degraded within the...
5.2K
Retroviruses02:33

Retroviruses

Retroviruses and retrotransposons both insert copies of their genetic elements into the genome of the host cell. Thus, the viral genes are passed on when the host genome is replicated or translated. A typical retroviral DNA sequence contains 3-4 genes that encode the different proteins required for its structural assembly and function as a molecular parasite. This DNA is transcribed into a single mRNA, which is very similar in structure to conventional mRNAs, i.e., it is capped at the 5’...
15.8K
Retrovirus Life Cycles01:10

Retrovirus Life Cycles

Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the...
50.6K
Mechanisms of Retrovirus-induced Cancers01:51

Mechanisms of Retrovirus-induced Cancers

Retroviruses are RNA viruses that have been shown to cause cancers in diverse species, including chickens, mice, cats, and monkeys. The RNA genomes of these viruses are first reverse-transcribed into single and then double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) copies. This dsDNA called proviral DNA then integrates into the host genome. Subsequently, the host cell transcribes the proviral DNA in concert with the chromosomal DNA. This leads to the production of viral RNA and proteins that assemble at the host...
7.2K