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Vitamin D serum levels in children with allergic and vasomotor rhinitis
Seung Jin Lee1, Bong Hwa Kang1, Bong Seok Choi1
1Depatment of Pediatrics, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
Insights
Low vitamin D levels are linked to allergic rhinitis in children. This study found lower serum vitamin D in children with allergic rhinitis compared to those with vasomotor rhinitis or controls.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Allergy and Immunology
- Nutritional Immunology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Vitamin D is recognized for its role in calcium and phosphorus homeostasis, bone metabolism, and immune modulation.
- Recent research highlights a growing global interest in the association between vitamin D deficiency and allergic diseases.
- Understanding this link is crucial for public health initiatives and clinical management of allergic conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and allergic rhinitis (AR) or vasomotor rhinitis (VR) in pediatric populations.
- To determine if vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor or a consequence of AR/VR in children.
- To contribute to the understanding of vitamin D's role in immune-mediated respiratory conditions.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 164 children aged 0-16 years, categorized into AR (n=59), VR (n=42), and control (n=63) groups.
- Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, Immunoglobulin E (IgE), specific IgE, and eosinophil cationic protein were measured.
- Peripheral blood eosinophil count and skin prick test results were also analyzed.
Main Results:
- Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were significantly lower in the AR group (19.0±8.5 ng/mL) compared to the VR group (25.5±10.9 ng/mL) and control group (26.9±10.7 ng/mL) after adjusting for BMI and season.
- Vitamin D levels showed an inverse correlation with total Immunoglobulin E levels (r=-0.317, P<0.001).
- No significant difference in vitamin D levels was observed between AR patients with or without comorbid food allergy or atopic dermatitis.
Conclusions:
- The study suggests a potential association between lower serum vitamin D levels and allergic rhinitis in Korean children.
- These findings underscore the importance of assessing vitamin D status in pediatric patients with allergic rhinitis.
- Further research is warranted to elucidate the causal mechanisms and therapeutic implications.
Purpose:
In addition to regulating calcium and phosphorus homeostasis and bone metabolism, vitamin D is known as an immune modulator. Recently, there has been increased worldwide interest in the association between low levels of vitamin D and allergic diseases. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and allergic/vasomotor rhinitis (AR/VR) in children.
Methods:
This study included 164 patients. The sample included 59 patients with AR, 42 patients with VR, and 63 controls. Their ages ranged from 0 to 16 years. We examined the levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, Immunoglobulin E, specific IgE, and eosinophil cationic protein; peripheral blood eosinophil count; and the results of a skin prick test.
Results:
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were 19.0±8.5 ng/mL in the AR group, 25.5±10.9 ng/mL in the VR group, and 26.9±10.7 ng/mL in the control group. After adjustment for body mass index and season at the time of blood sampling, vitamin D levels in the AR group were lower than those of the VR group (P=0.003) and control group (P<0.001). Vitamin D levels were inversely correlated with Immunoglobulin E levels (r=-0.317, P<0.001). AR patients with food allergy or atopic dermatitis did not have lower levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D than AR patients without these diseases.
Conclusion:
This study demonstrates a possible relationship between vitamin D levels and allergic rhinitis in Korean children.
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