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Association between Body Mass Index and Hepatitis B antibody seropositivity in children

Yoowon Kwon1, Su Jin Jeong1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea.

Korean Journal of Pediatrics
|August 13, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Higher body mass index (BMI) is linked to lower hepatitis B antibody levels in children. This study suggests BMI may impact vaccine effectiveness in pediatric populations.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Immunology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination typically achieves high anti-HBs antibody seropositivity (≥95%) in infants.
  • However, some healthy children exhibit low or absent anti-HBs antibodies.
  • Recent adult studies suggest obesity may reduce anti-HBs production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and anti-HBs antibody levels in healthy children.
  • Investigate the impact of BMI on immune response following infant HBV vaccination.

Main Methods:

  • 1,200 healthy children (aged 3-10 years) participated.
  • Serum anti-HBs antibody levels were measured via electrochemiluminescence immunoassay.
  • BMI z-scores were calculated using Korean National Growth Charts, adjusting for age and sex.

Main Results:

  • The overall anti-HBs seropositivity rate was 57.9%.
  • Significantly lower mean BMI was observed in seropositive versus seronegative children (P<0.001).
  • Increased BMI z-score correlated with decreased anti-HBs titer (P=0.004) and reduced seropositivity probability (OR=0.820, P=0.001).

Conclusions:

  • A significant association exists between anti-HBs antibody titer and BMI z-score in children.
  • BMI is identified as a potential influencing factor on anti-HBs antibody levels post-vaccination.
  • Findings highlight the need to consider BMI in pediatric hepatitis B immunity assessments.
Abstract

Keywords:
Anti-HBsBMI z scoreChildHepatitis BSeropositivity rate

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