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Related Concept Videos

Infection01:20

Infection

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When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
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Stages of Infection01:26

Stages of Infection

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Stages of infection describe what happens to a susceptible host once a pathogen invades the human body. The stages of infection are incubation, prodromal, illness, stage of decline, and convalescence. The incubation stage is the period from exposure to a pathogen until symptoms start. The infected person is unaware of impending illness as the pathogens grow and multiply within the body. The duration may vary depending on the type of infection. The incubation period of measles averages ten to...
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Defense Mechanism Against Infection01:26

Defense Mechanism Against Infection

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Natural flora, body system defenses, and inflammation are natural barriers of the body against infectious agents regardless of previous exposure. Normal floras of the human body refer to the microbial population that colonizes the skin and mucous membranes.
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Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

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Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
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Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

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The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
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Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

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Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
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Author Spotlight: Enhancing Candida albicans Detection in Catheter Infections Using Fluorescent Protein Tagging
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Imaging Candida Infections in the Host.

Dhammika H Navarathna1, David D Roberts2, Jeeva Munasinghe3

  • 1Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|November 1, 2015
PubMed
Summary

New imaging techniques can noninvasively detect Candida fungal infections in the kidneys and brain. These methods assess phagocyte recruitment and blood-brain barrier function, aiding in managing disseminated candidemia and related organ damage.

Keywords:
Blood–brain barrierBrainCandida albicansInflammationKidneyMagnetic resonance imagingNoninvasive imagingPhagocytes

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Area of Science:

  • Medical imaging
  • Mycology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Disseminated fungal infections by Candida species target specific organs, including kidneys and brain.
  • Candida albicans kidney invasion can cause renal dysfunction and death.
  • Brain colonization by Candida can lead to meningoencephalitis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop noninvasive imaging methods for assessing Candida infections in target organs.
  • To evaluate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for detecting kidney inflammation and phagocyte recruitment.
  • To assess blood-brain barrier integrity in cases of brain candidiasis.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized iron oxide-based contrast agents for MRI to visualize phagocyte recruitment in kidneys.
  • Employed advanced imaging techniques to evaluate blood-brain barrier function.
  • Focused on noninvasive assessment of Candida albicans infections in murine models.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated MRI's capability to noninvasively assess kidney inflammation and phagocyte infiltration during Candida infections.
  • Showcased imaging methods for detecting blood-brain barrier disruptions associated with brain candidiasis.
  • Provided a foundation for monitoring disseminated candidemia in target organs.

Conclusions:

  • Noninvasive imaging methods, particularly MRI, are effective for assessing Candida infections in the kidneys.
  • Imaging can evaluate critical aspects of brain candidiasis, such as blood-brain barrier integrity.
  • These advancements offer potential for improved management of disseminated candidiasis.