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Modeling the effects of linear shallow-water internal waves on horizontal array coherence.

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This study models how linear internal waves impact horizontal array coherence length in shallow waters. Results show coherence length depends on source/array position, with weak range dependence for bottom-mounted arrays.

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Area of Science:

  • Ocean acoustics
  • Environmental oceanography
  • Array signal processing

Background:

  • Coherence length in horizontal arrays is crucial for coherent processing gain.
  • Shallow water environments exhibit variability limiting coherence length.
  • Oceanographic processes significantly influence acoustic signal coherence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a statistical model quantifying the effect of linear internal waves on coherence length.
  • To investigate the impact of internal wave energy density on acoustic coherence.
  • To analyze the influence of source and array positioning on coherence length.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a statistical model coupling oceanographic and acoustic sub-models.
  • Utilized the adiabatic normal mode approximation for the acoustic sub-model (frequencies < 1 kHz).
  • Employed environmental data from the Shallow Water 2006 Experiment (SW06).

Main Results:

  • Linear internal waves were found to affect the coherence length of individual acoustic modes.
  • Coherence length is highly dependent on the vertical positioning of the source and array.
  • Numerical calculations revealed mode coherence variations impacting overall array coherence.

Conclusions:

  • The developed model quantifies internal wave effects on shallow water array coherence.
  • Source and array depth are critical factors determining coherence length.
  • A weak range dependence of coherence length was predicted for bottom-mounted arrays, consistent with field observations.