[Urinary infection by Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Emerging yeast?]

Area of Science:

• Mycology
• Infectious Diseases
• Clinical Microbiology

Background:

• Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a commensal yeast found in the digestive, respiratory, and genitourinary tracts.
• It is recognized for its probiotic applications, particularly in managing post-antibiotic diarrhea.
• However, S. cerevisiae can act as an opportunistic pathogen, especially in immunocompromised individuals, potentially leading to fungemia.

Observation:

• A case report details an adult diabetic patient presenting with symptoms of a urinary tract infection (UTI).
• Symptoms included dysuria and urinary frequency without fever.
• Diagnosis was confirmed through direct microscopic examination and repeated positive cultures for yeast on Sabouraud-chloramphenicol agar.

Findings:

• The yeast was identified as Saccharomyces cerevisiae using the Auxacolor BioRad® auxanogramme gallery.
• The patient received fluconazole for treatment.
• The infection resolved successfully with the prescribed antifungal therapy.

Implications:

• This case highlights Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a potential opportunistic pathogen causing UTIs in immunocompromised patients, particularly those with diabetes.
• Early diagnosis and appropriate antifungal treatment, such as fluconazole, are crucial for managing S. cerevisiae infections.
• The study underscores the importance of considering commensal yeasts as potential pathogens in susceptible patient populations.