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Epidemiological profile of eumycetomas in Rabat, Morocco, over 40 years
S Tazi1, K M-E Konzi1, E M Chachi1
1Central laboratory of parasitology-mycology, Ibn Sina University Hospital, Rabat. Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
Journal De Mycologie Medicale
|October 8, 2019
Summary
Eumycetoma, a fungal infection common in arid regions, was studied in Morocco. Madurella species were the primary cause, with most cases affecting the feet and requiring extensive treatment.
Area of Science:
- Medical Mycology
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Eumycetoma is a chronic subcutaneous fungal infection endemic in arid tropical zones.
- It is characterized by the in vivo formation of fungal grains.
Observation:
- A 44-year retrospective study (1975-2019) analyzed 12 eumycetoma cases in Rabat, Morocco.
- The male to female ratio was 5:1, with a mean age of 44.8 years.
- Lesions were predominantly podal (10 cases) and evolved over 1-30 years, with 3 cases showing osteolysis.
Findings:
- Black grains were observed in 9 cases, white in 2.
- Direct examination of KOH mounts was positive in all cases, showing fungal hyphae.
- Culture identified Madurella sp. in 9 cases, with other fungi isolated in 2 cases. One case remained culture-negative.
Implications:
- This study highlights the epidemiological, clinical, and mycological profile of eumycetoma in Morocco.
- Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial, as many patients experienced prolonged illness and vision loss.
- Further research into Madurella species and treatment strategies is warranted.
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