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Working Memory01:24

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Value conditioning modulates visual working memory processes.

Paul M J Thomas1, Lily FitzGibbon2, Jane E Raymond2

  • 1Bangor University.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance
|November 3, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Value associations enhance visual working memory (WM). Memory for stimuli linked to monetary gains was superior, while stimuli linked to losses impaired memory, demonstrating valence-dependent effects on WM maintenance.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Learning associates stimuli with motivationally significant outcomes.
  • Value associations can influence cognitive processes like attention and memory.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if value associations can enhance visual working memory (WM).
  • To determine if these effects are dependent on the valence (gain vs. loss) of the associated outcome.
  • To differentiate value-based effects on WM maintenance from those on selective attention during encoding.

Main Methods:

  • Participants learned to associate face colors with monetary gains, losses, or neutral outcomes.
  • A face identity visual working memory task was used, with previously learned color associations rendered irrelevant.
  • Eye movements were monitored during face encoding to assess attention.

Main Results:

  • Memory performance was significantly better for faces with gain-associated tints compared to neutral tints.
  • Memory performance was significantly worse for faces with loss-associated tints compared to neutral tints.
  • Value associations did not influence memory for other items in the working memory array, and eye movements did not differ based on valence, suggesting effects on maintenance rather than encoding.

Conclusions:

  • Value associations, acquired through associative learning, can modulate visual working memory maintenance.
  • These effects are valence-dependent, with gains facilitating and losses impairing memory.
  • The findings suggest that value-based modulation of working memory maintenance is distinct from value-based effects on selective attention.