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Acute Infectious and Inflammatory Enterocolitides.

Mark E Baker1

  • 1Section of Abdominal Imaging, Imaging Institute, Digestive Disease Institute and Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, L10, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.

Radiologic Clinics of North America
|November 4, 2015
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Infectious and inflammatory enterocolitides, including ulcerative colitis, Crohn disease, and C. difficile colitis, can cause acute abdomen. This review covers key clinical and imaging findings for these urgent gastrointestinal conditions.

Keywords:
ColitisCrohn diseaseEnteritisInfectiousInflammatoryPseudomembranous colitisTyphlitisUlcerative colitis

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Radiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Acute abdomen is a common presentation of infectious and inflammatory enterocolitides.
  • Ulcerative colitis, Crohn disease, and Clostridium difficile colitis are leading causes.
  • Prompt diagnosis is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review clinical and imaging findings of acute infectious and inflammatory enterocolitides.
  • To aid in the rapid diagnosis of these conditions presenting as acute abdomen.
  • To highlight key features differentiating these entities.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentations of enterocolitides.
  • Analysis of imaging findings (e.g., CT, MRI, ultrasound) in acute cases.
  • Correlation of findings with specific diagnoses.

Main Results:

  • Distinct clinical and imaging patterns exist for ulcerative colitis, Crohn disease, and C. difficile colitis.
  • Imaging plays a vital role in identifying bowel wall thickening, inflammation, and complications.
  • Specific findings can suggest the underlying etiology.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate interpretation of clinical and imaging data is essential for diagnosing acute abdomen due to enterocolitis.
  • Early recognition facilitates timely and appropriate treatment.
  • This review provides a framework for evaluating these emergent conditions.