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Related Concept Videos

Chronopharmacokinetics: Time-Dependent Pharmacokinetics01:20

Chronopharmacokinetics: Time-Dependent Pharmacokinetics

490
Chronopharmacokinetics studies the temporal change in drug absorption and elimination. These changes can be cyclical or non-cyclical. Cyclical changes occur over a regular interval, while non-cyclical changes occur over a longer, irregular period.
Time-dependent pharmacokinetics refers to non-cyclical changes in drug rate processes over a period of time. It can lead to nonlinear pharmacokinetics, where the relationship between drug concentration and time is not proportional. Non-cyclical...
490
Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems01:18

Transdermal Drug Delivery Systems

137
Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) enable the controlled release of drugs across the skin into systemic circulation. They are particularly advantageous for drugs with short half-lives or narrow therapeutic indices, as they maintain consistent plasma concentrations and reduce the risk of subtherapeutic or toxic levels.TDDS are categorized into monolithic, reservoir, and mixed systems. Monolithic systems embed the drug in a polymer matrix, where diffusion governs release. Reservoir systems...
137
Chronopharmacokinetics: Circadian Rhythms and Influence on Drug Response01:15

Chronopharmacokinetics: Circadian Rhythms and Influence on Drug Response

476
Circadian rhythms are cyclic changes that are crucial in plasma drug concentrations. Various standard circadian parameters, including core body temperature, heart rate, and other cardiovascular factors, directly impact disease states and the therapeutic response to drug therapy.
The time of drug administration is an important factor to consider, as it can influence the toxic dose of a drug. For example, a study conducted by Prins et al. in 1997 examined the effects of the timing of...
476
Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Continuous-Release Systems01:26

Oral Drug Delivery Systems: Continuous-Release Systems

212
Continuous-release drug delivery systems offer a strategic approach to maintaining therapeutic drug levels over extended periods following oral administration. By modulating the release rate of active pharmaceutical ingredients, these systems minimize fluctuations in plasma concentrations, which enhances clinical efficacy and reduces the need for frequent dosing. Such characteristics make them particularly advantageous in managing chronic diseases where patient adherence and stable drug...
212
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification01:23

Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Classification

250
Modified-release drug delivery systems improve drug efficacy and minimize side effects by controlling the rate and location of drug release. These systems fall into three categories: rate-programmed, stimuli-activated, and site-targeted.Rate-programmed systems release drugs at a predetermined rate, maintaining consistent therapeutic levels and reducing fluctuations that could lead to toxicity or subtherapeutic effects. These systems use polymeric matrices, reservoir-based designs, or osmotic...
250
Drug Delivery Systems: Different Types01:27

Drug Delivery Systems: Different Types

240
Conventional oral drug products, termed immediate-release (IR) formulations, are engineered to promptly release their active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) upon ingestion, typically in tablets or capsules. This rapid release often results in swift drug absorption and consequent pharmacodynamic effects, although the timing and intensity can vary depending on the drug's properties. Prodrugs within these formulations require metabolic conversion to activate their pharmacodynamic effects,...
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Updated: Mar 30, 2026

Trans-Tympanic Drug Delivery for the Treatment of Ototoxicity
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Chronotherapeutic Drug Delivery.

Paul Librodo1, Mitchell Buckley, Marilyn Luk

  • 1Department of Pharmacy, Banner Good Samaritan Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona (Drs Librodo, Buckley, and Luk), and University of Arizona College of Pharmacy, Tucson, Arizona (Mr Bisso).

Journal of Infusion Nursing : the Official Publication of the Infusion Nurses Society
|November 5, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Chronotherapy, or time-based drug delivery, can improve cancer treatment by targeting cancer cells when the body is most receptive, enhancing patient survival and quality of life.

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Living organisms exhibit circadian rhythms influencing physiological processes like metabolism and hormone secretion.
  • Cancer treatment often involves high-dose chemotherapy, leading to severe side effects due to damage to normal cells.
  • Chronotherapy optimizes drug administration timing to align with biological rhythms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of chronotherapy in cancer treatment.
  • To highlight how aligning drug delivery with circadian rhythms can improve patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes existing research on chronotherapy in oncology.
  • Analysis of studies demonstrating the impact of timed drug delivery on cancer patient efficacy and toxicity.

Main Results:

  • Chronotherapy can significantly enhance the effectiveness of cancer treatments.
  • Timing drug delivery can mitigate adverse side effects, improving patient tolerance.
  • The application of chronotherapy is linked to improved quality of life for cancer patients.

Conclusions:

  • Cancer can be viewed as a chronotherapeutic disorder.
  • Chronotherapy offers a promising strategy to improve survival rates and quality of life in oncology.
  • Integrating chronotherapy into cancer care protocols is recommended.