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Related Concept Videos

Gauss's Law: Cylindrical Symmetry01:20

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A charge distribution has cylindrical symmetry if the charge density depends only upon the distance from the axis of the cylinder and does not vary along the axis or with the direction about the axis. In other words, if a system varies if it is rotated around the axis or shifted along the axis, it does not have cylindrical symmetry. In real systems, we do not have infinite cylinders; however, if the cylindrical object is considerably longer than the radius from it that we are interested in,...
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Gauss's Law: Spherical Symmetry01:26

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A charge distribution has spherical symmetry if the density of charge depends only on the distance from a point in space and not on the direction. In other words, if the system is rotated, it doesn't look different. For instance, if a sphere of radius R is uniformly charged with charge density ρ0, then the distribution has spherical symmetry. On the other hand, if a sphere of radius R is charged so that the top half of the sphere has a uniform charge density ρ1 and the bottom half has a...
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Gauss's Law: Planar Symmetry01:27

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A planar symmetry of charge density is obtained when charges are uniformly spread over a large flat surface. In planar symmetry, all points in a plane parallel to the plane of charge are identical with respect to the charges. Suppose the plane of the charge distribution is the xy-plane, and the electric field at a space point P with coordinates (x, y, z) is to be determined. Since the charge density is the same at all (x, y) - coordinates in the z = 0 plane, by symmetry, the electric field at P...
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Gauss's Law01:07

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If a closed surface does not have any charge inside where an electric field line can terminate, then the electric field line entering the surface at one point must necessarily exit at some other point of the surface. Therefore, if a closed surface does not have any charges inside the enclosed volume, then the electric flux through the surface is zero. What happens to the electric flux if there are some charges inside the enclosed volume? Gauss's law gives a quantitative answer to this question.
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Gauss's Law: Problem-Solving01:10

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Gauss's law helps determine electric fields even though the law is not directly about electric fields but electric flux. In situations with certain symmetries (spherical, cylindrical, or planar) in the charge distribution, the electric field can be deduced based on the knowledge of the electric flux. In these systems, we can find a Gaussian surface S over which the electric field has a constant magnitude. Furthermore, suppose the electric field is parallel (or antiparallel) to the area vector...
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Gauss's Law in Dielectrics01:17

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Consider a polar dielectric placed in an external field. In such a dielectric, opposite charges on adjacent dipoles neutralize each other, such that the net charge within the dielectric is zero. When a polar dielectric is inserted in between the capacitor plates, an electric field is generated due to the presence of net charges near the edge of the dielectric and the metal plates interface. Since the external electrical field merely aligns the dipoles, the dielectric as a whole is neutral. An...
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Applying Hyperspectral Reflectance Imaging to Investigate the Palettes and the Techniques of Painters
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Gaussian-Based Hue Descriptors.

Hamidreza Mirzaei, Brian Funt

    IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
    |November 6, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A new hue descriptor, based on wraparound Gaussians, accurately models human color perception. This robust descriptor is more stable under varying illuminants than existing models like CIECAM02.

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    Area of Science:

    • Color Science
    • Computer Vision
    • Human Perception

    Background:

    • Accurate hue representation is crucial for color modeling and computer vision.
    • Existing models like CIECAM02 have limitations in stability across different lighting conditions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore a novel hue descriptor for improved color perception modeling and computer vision.
    • To develop a descriptor that is robust and stable under various illuminants.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized a Gaussian-like function termed a wraparound Gaussian to define the hue descriptor.
    • Correlated the new descriptor with established color atlases (Munsell, Natural Color System) and a color thesaurus (Moroney's).
    • Assessed the descriptor's stability across a range of illuminants.

    Main Results:

    • The new hue descriptor demonstrates strong correlation with established hue designators and names.
    • The wraparound Gaussian descriptor exhibits significantly greater stability under varying illuminants compared to CIECAM02.
    • This model addresses limitations found in previous Gaussian-based hue modeling approaches.

    Conclusions:

    • The wraparound Gaussian hue descriptor offers a robust and accurate alternative for color science and computer vision.
    • Its enhanced stability makes it particularly suitable for applications requiring consistent color representation under diverse lighting.
    • This work advances hue modeling by providing a more reliable and perceptually relevant descriptor.