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Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

347
Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
347
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

317
Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
317
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

809
As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
809
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

316
In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
316
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

340
Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are...
340
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism

324
Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
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Pseudofracture: An Acute Peripheral Tissue Trauma Model
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Geriatric trauma.

Sasha D Adams1, John B Holcomb

  • 1Center for Translational Injury Research, Department of Surgery, UT Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.

Current Opinion in Critical Care
|November 6, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Caring for aging trauma patients requires early identification and tailored resuscitation. Addressing frailty and specific injuries in geriatric trauma improves outcomes and necessitates specialized care strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Trauma Surgery
  • Geriatric Medicine
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • The aging population is increasing the incidence of geriatric trauma admissions and mortality.
  • Geriatric trauma patients present unique physiological and anatomical challenges.
  • Current trauma care paradigms require adaptation for elderly patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current literature on geriatric trauma management.
  • To highlight key considerations in the care of elderly trauma patients.
  • To emphasize the need for specialized education for surgeons.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on geriatric trauma.
  • Analysis of triage criteria, frailty assessment, and injury-specific treatments.
  • Examination of care coordination and disposition planning.

Main Results:

  • Geriatric patients are often undertriaged due to underappreciated frailty.
  • Early identification and resuscitation are crucial for high-risk elderly individuals.
  • Prompt anticoagulation reversal is vital for managing head injuries.
  • Early involvement of physical therapy and case management aids disposition.

Conclusions:

  • Optimal geriatric trauma care integrates standard resuscitation with geriatric-specific approaches.
  • Addressing the unique physiological challenges of the elderly is essential.
  • Continuous education is needed to enhance surgeons' expertise in geriatric trauma.