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Screening for nasopharyngeal cancer
Shujuan Yang1, Siying Wu, Jing Zhou
1West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, South Renmin Road No. 16, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China, 610041.
The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|November 7, 2015
Summary
Screening for nasopharyngeal cancer using EBV serology or nasopharyngoscopy lacks evidence from RCTs. More high-quality studies are needed to determine screening efficacy and cost-effectiveness.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Public Health
- Diagnostic Accuracy
Background:
- Nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is endemic in specific populations with poor prognosis for advanced stages.
- Early-stage NPC is curable, making screening a potential strategy for improved outcomes.
- Current screening methods like Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) serology and nasopharyngoscopy have uncertain efficacy due to potential biases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effectiveness of EBV serology and/or nasopharyngoscopy screening in reducing NPC mortality in asymptomatic individuals.
- To assess the impact of NPC screening on incidence, survival rates, adverse effects, cost-effectiveness, and quality of life.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials (CCTs) comparing NPC screening to no screening.
- Searched multiple databases including Cochrane, PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, and clinical trial registries up to July 2015.
- Primary outcome was NPC-specific mortality; secondary outcomes included incidence, survival, harms, quality of life, and cost-effectiveness.
Main Results:
- No RCTs or CCTs met the inclusion criteria for the review.
- Despite retrieving 31 full-text studies, none provided eligible data on the efficacy of NPC screening strategies.
Conclusions:
- There is a lack of high-quality evidence from RCTs or CCTs to determine the efficacy of nasopharyngeal cancer screening.
- Further research with long-term follow-up on mortality and cost-effectiveness is essential to establish the benefits of NPC screening.
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