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Related Concept Videos

Phasors01:12

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Phasors are a powerful mathematical tool used to analyze alternating current (AC) circuits. They provide a complex number representation of sinusoids, with the magnitude of the phasor equating to the amplitude of the sinusoid and the angle of the phasor representing the phase measured from the positive x-axis.
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Phasors and their corresponding sinusoids are interrelated, offering unique insights into the behavior of alternating current (AC) circuits. One way to understand this relationship is through the operations of differentiation and integration in both the time and phasor domains.
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Chronic pharyngitis refers to persistent inflammation of the pharyngial mucosa.
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The phase rule describes the relationship between the variance (degrees of freedom), the number of components, and the number of phases in a system at equilibrium.Variance is a concept that denotes the number of independent intensive properties (properties are those that do not depend on the amount of material in the system), such as temperature, pressure, and composition, that can be altered without impacting the number of phases in equilibrium.In a single-component system, such as pure water,...
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State-Dependency Effects on TMS: A Look at Motive Phosphene Behavior
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PHACE(S) syndrome.

Geoffrey L Heyer1

  • 1Division of Pediatric Neurology, Nationwide Children's Hospital and Department of Neurology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology
|November 14, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

PHACE(S) syndrome is a rare neurocutaneous disorder characterized by posterior fossa malformations, facial hemangiomas, and vascular anomalies. Early recognition and a multidisciplinary approach are crucial for managing this complex condition.

Keywords:
PHACEPHACEShemangiomamoyamoyaneurocutaneousstrokevasculopathy

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • PHACE(S) syndrome is a neurocutaneous disorder with unknown cause.
  • It involves posterior fossa malformations, facial hemangiomas, cerebral and cardiovascular anomalies, and eye abnormalities.
  • The presence of sternal clefting or supraumbilical raphe may lead to the PHACES acronym.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define the key features and diagnostic criteria for PHACE(S) syndrome.
  • To differentiate PHACE(S) syndrome from other neurocutaneous disorders.
  • To emphasize the need for a multidisciplinary approach in managing PHACE(S) syndrome.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of PHACE(S) syndrome cases.
  • Comparative analysis of clinical features.
  • Diagnostic criteria evaluation.

Main Results:

  • The hallmark is large facial infantile hemangiomas affecting at least one facial segment.
  • Cerebral vascular anomalies are the most common extracutaneous feature.
  • Girls are more frequently affected than boys.

Conclusions:

  • PHACE(S) syndrome requires a comprehensive, multidisciplinary approach for surveillance and treatment.
  • Distinguishing PHACE(S) from similar conditions like Sturge-Weber and Wyburn-Mason syndromes is vital.
  • Further research is needed to establish the true incidence and etiology.