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Behavioral and Physiological Factors Associated With Selective Eating in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder.

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The American Journal of Occupational Therapy : Official Publication of the American Occupational Therapy Association
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Selective eating in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is common but poorly understood. This study found compulsive behaviors were lower in the selective eating group, but other behavioral measures showed no significant differences.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders
  • Pediatric Psychology

Background:

  • Selective eating is prevalent in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
  • The underlying behavioral mechanisms and definitions of selective eating in ASD require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate a novel definition of selective eating in children with ASD.
  • To compare behavioral measures between children with ASD who exhibit selective eating and those who do not.
  • To explore the relationships between behavioral measures and selective eating.

Main Methods:

  • Participants were categorized into groups based on the number of foods consumed relative to a population sample.
  • One-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) was employed to compare behavioral measures across groups.
  • Correlational analyses examined the associations between food intake, behavioral variables, and selective eating.

Main Results:

  • No significant overall group differences were found for challenging behaviors, sensory reactivity, or repetitive behaviors.
  • The selective eating group exhibited significantly lower scores for compulsive behaviors (p = .036).
  • Correlations were moderate between food intake and behavioral variables, but not significant between selective eating and behavioral variables.

Conclusions:

  • The study's findings suggest a complex relationship between selective eating and behavior in children with ASD.
  • Further research is necessary to validate the proposed definition of selective eating and to identify effective intervention targets.