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Prethermalization and Thermalization in Models with Weak Integrability Breaking.

Bruno Bertini¹, Fabian H L Essler¹, Stefan Groha¹

¹The Rudolf Peierls Centre for Theoretical Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3NP, United Kingdom.

Physical Review Letters

|November 14, 2015

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

We investigated how breaking quantum integrability affects many-particle systems. Weak perturbations cause systems to stabilize at prethermalization plateaux before eventually reaching thermal equilibrium.

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Area of Science:

Condensed matter physics
Quantum many-body systems
Non-equilibrium dynamics

Background:

Integrability in quantum systems leads to predictable, non-ergodic behavior.
Understanding deviations from integrability is crucial for describing realistic quantum phenomena.
Non-equilibrium dynamics in quantum systems remain a challenging frontier.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of integrability-breaking perturbations on quantum systems.
To analyze the prethermalization and thermalization dynamics in spinless fermion models.
To identify the crossover timescale from prethermalization to thermalization.

Main Methods:

Utilizing equation of motion techniques, generalized quantum Boltzmann equations.
Benchmarking against time-dependent density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) computations.
Focusing on spinless fermion models with weak interactions.

Main Results:

Equation of motion method shows high accuracy for weak interactions.
Robust prethermalization plateaux observed for local observables with small integrability breaking.
Increasing perturbation strength leads to a drift from prethermalization towards thermalization.

Conclusions:

Prethermalization is a robust phenomenon in weakly perturbed integrable systems.
A characteristic timescale governs the crossover from prethermalization to thermalization.
The findings provide insights into the dynamics of quantum systems out of equilibrium.