Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Equilibrium Conditions for a Particle01:23

Equilibrium Conditions for a Particle

2.6K
When an object is in equilibrium, it is either at rest or moving with a constant velocity. There are two types of equilibrium: static and dynamic. Static equilibrium occurs when an object is at rest, while dynamic equilibrium occurs when an object is moving with a constant velocity. In both cases, there must be a balance of forces acting on the object.
To understand the concept of equilibrium, let us first consider the forces acting on an object. When different forces act on an object, they can...
2.6K
Limits of the First Law of Thermodynamics01:22

Limits of the First Law of Thermodynamics

124
Spontaneous processes, like a rock falling to the ground or sodium reacting with chlorine, occur without external work and often involve a decrease in the system‘s energy. However, certain endothermic processes, such as the dissolution of sodium chloride in water, occur spontaneously even though they increase the energy of the system. This limitation suggests that the First Law of Thermodynamics, which states that the total energy of a system is constant in an isolated system, cannot...
124
Atomic Spectroscopy: Effects of Temperature01:27

Atomic Spectroscopy: Effects of Temperature

1.1K
Atomization, converting samples into gas-phase atoms and ions, is essential for atomic spectroscopy. The flame temperature required for atomization affects the efficiency of the atomic spectroscopic methods by increasing the atomization efficiency and the relative population of the excited and ground states.
At thermal equilibrium, the relative populations of excited and ground state atoms can be estimated using the Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution. For example, an increase in temperature...
1.1K
Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution: Problem Solving01:20

Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution: Problem Solving

3.1K
Individual molecules in a gas move in random directions, but a gas containing numerous molecules has a predictable distribution of molecular speeds, which is known as the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, f(v).
This distribution function f(v) is defined by saying that the expected number N (v1,v2) of particles with speeds between v1 and v2 is given by
3.1K
Propagation Speed of Electromagnetic Waves01:30

Propagation Speed of Electromagnetic Waves

4.9K
Electromagnetic waves are consistent with Ampere's law. Assuming there is no conduction current Ampere's law is given as:
4.9K
Difference from Background: Limit of Detection01:05

Difference from Background: Limit of Detection

9.0K
The limit of detection (LOD) is the smallest amount of analyte that can be distinguished from the background noise. The LOD value corresponds to the concentration at which the analyte signal is three times larger than the standard deviation of the blank signal. Below this value, the analyte signal cannot be differentiated from the background noise. It is calculated by dividing the calibration slope by 3 times the standard deviation of the blank signals.
The LOD indicates the presence or absence...
9.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Explainable deep-learning detection of microplastic fibers via polarization-resolved holographic microscopy.

Optics express·2026
Same author

Optical states with higher stellar rank.

Optics express·2025
Same author

Optimal Phase-Insensitive Force Sensing with Non-Gaussian States.

Physical review letters·2025
Same author

Hierarchical Verification of Non-Gaussian Coherence in Bosonic Quantum States.

Physical review letters·2025
Same author

Adapting coherent-state superpositions in noisy channels.

Optics express·2025
Same author

Continuous-variable quantum passive optical network.

Light, science & applications·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 30, 2026

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor
10:00

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor

Published on: November 11, 2013

13.3K

Conditional cooling limit for a quantum channel going through an incoherent environment.

Ivo Straka1, Martina Miková1, Michal Mičuda1

  • 1Department of Optics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 1192/12, 771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic.

Scientific Reports
|November 17, 2015
PubMed
Summary

We establish a quantum cooling limit for channels interacting with an incoherent environment. This limit determines if a channel preserves quantum entanglement, crucial for quantum technologies.

More Related Videos

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
06:42

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Published on: June 8, 2018

9.8K
Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators
09:23

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

Published on: May 30, 2014

15.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 30, 2026

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor
10:00

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor

Published on: November 11, 2013

13.3K
Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
06:42

Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs

Published on: June 8, 2018

9.8K
Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators
09:23

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators

Published on: May 30, 2014

15.2K

Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Quantum Thermodynamics
  • Quantum Communication

Background:

  • Quantum channels are susceptible to environmental noise, degrading quantum information.
  • Maintaining entanglement is vital for quantum communication and computation.
  • Incoherent environments pose challenges for preserving quantum properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and experimentally verify a cooling limit for quantum channels.
  • To determine conditions under which a single-qubit channel preserves entanglement.
  • To establish a fundamental criterion for quantum channel characterization.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical proposal of a conditional cooling limit.
  • Experimental verification using a quantum channel model.
  • Analysis of qubit replacement by environmental qubits.
  • Investigation of a probing output for channel assessment.

Main Results:

  • A specific cooling limit for quantum channels in incoherent environments was identified.
  • The cooling limit provides a condition for a channel to be quantum (entanglement-preserving).
  • Experimental results confirmed the theoretical predictions for the cooling limit.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed cooling limit is a fundamental condition for entanglement preservation in quantum channels.
  • This work provides a benchmark for designing robust quantum communication protocols.
  • Understanding environmental interactions is key to advancing quantum technologies.