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Continuous-variable quantum passive optical network.

Adnan A E Hajomer1, Ivan Derkach2,3, Radim Filip4

  • 1Center for Macroscopic Quantum States (bigQ), Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark. aaeha@dtu.dk.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a scalable quantum passive optical network (QPON) protocol for high-rate, simultaneous secret key generation among multiple users. This continuous-variable approach advances secure quantum networking towards a quantum internet.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Quantum Communication Networks
  • Cybersecurity

Background:

  • Advancing quantum key distribution (QKD) from point-to-point to multi-user systems is crucial for scalable quantum networks.
  • Maximizing network capacity requires inherently multi-user protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and experimentally demonstrate a scalable, multi-user quantum passive optical network (QPON) protocol.
  • To enable deterministic, simultaneous, and high-rate secret key generation in a quantum access network.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized continuous-variable (CV) quantum systems, specifically the quadrature of coherent states.
  • Implemented two QPON protocols with varying user trust levels.
  • Experimentally demonstrated key generation in an 8-user network with 11 km fiber links.

Main Results:

  • Achieved total network key generation rates of 1.5 and 2.1 Mbits/s (or 0.4 and 1.0 Mbits/s with finite-size channel estimation), depending on trust assumptions.
  • Demonstrated simultaneous key generation across all network users.
  • Showcased scalability for tens of users at high rates.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed CV-QPON protocols offer a viable path towards low-cost, high-rate, and scalable secure quantum access networks.
  • This work represents a significant step towards building a functional quantum internet.