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Limbic Encephalitis Diagnosed With 18F-FDG PET/CT
Maria Del Puig Cózar Santiago1, Raul Sanchez Jurado, Rut Sanz Llorens
1From the Nuclear Medicine Department, Hospital General Universitario-ERESA, Valencia, Spain.
Clinical Nuclear Medicine
|November 17, 2015
Summary
Limbic encephalitis, a neurological disorder, can be detected early using FDG PET scans, even when initial MRIs are normal. This aids in diagnosing causes like autoimmune disorders or tumors.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Radiology
- Oncology
Background:
- Limbic encephalitis presents as a subacute neurological syndrome with memory loss, confusion, and seizures.
- Common causes include autoimmune conditions, idiopathic disease, or paraneoplastic syndromes associated with tumors.
Observation:
- A patient presented with fluctuating memory impairment over two weeks.
- Initial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed no abnormalities.
- Lumbar puncture and PET/CT were performed to investigate potential viral or paraneoplastic causes.
Findings:
- While the initial MRI was normal, a follow-up MRI a month later revealed typical abnormalities of limbic encephalitis.
- Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (FDG PET/CT) demonstrated findings suggestive of the condition, aiding in early detection.
Implications:
- FDG PET/CT is a valuable tool for the early diagnosis of limbic encephalitis.
- This imaging modality can help identify underlying causes, including paraneoplastic syndromes, when conventional MRI is initially inconclusive.
- Early detection facilitates timely treatment and management of limbic encephalitis.
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