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[Depression in Acute Coronary Syndromes: Application of the Beck Depression Inventory]
Jimmy J Arevalo1, Karen A Soto2, Beatriz Caamaño3
1División de Investigaciones, Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud, Bogotá, Colombia.
Insights
Depressive symptoms are common in patients after acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Factors like unemployment, smoking, and ECG changes are linked to depression in these patients.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Psychiatry
- Public Health
Context:
- Cardiovascular diseases are linked to depression, increasing mortality risk.
- Depression post-acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and its socioeconomic factors remain understudied in Colombia.
Purpose:
- To determine the prevalence of depression among patients hospitalized with ACS.
- To identify factors associated with depression in ACS patients.
Summary:
- A cross-sectional study in Colombia found depression in 63.64% of ACS patients using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI).
- Depression was significantly associated with unemployment (91.66%), pathological T-wave inversion (100%), and smoking (77.27%).
Impact:
- Highlights the high prevalence of depressive symptoms in ACS patients.
- Identifies unemployment, smoking, and ECG abnormalities as key associated factors, informing targeted interventions.
Background:
Depression has been related to the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases, and also appears to increase the risk of death from coronary artery disease. The presence of depression after the occurrence of an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and its relationship with socioeconomic factors has not been studied in Colombia.
Objective:
To describe the frequency of depression and associated factors in patients hospitalized with an ACS.
Methods:
A cross-sectional study was carried out between April and May 2008 in three coronary care units in Santa Marta, Colombia. The presence of depression was evaluated with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Depression was considered to be present if BDI was equal or greater than 10. The relationship between the presence of depression and demographic, clinic and laboratory characteristics was analyzed.
Results:
A BDI score ≥10 (any degree of depression) was seen in 21 (63.64%) of the patients. In 9 out of 10 (91.66%) patients without stable income had depression in contrast to 12 out of 23 (57.14%) with stable income (P=.037). Depression was found in in 8 of the 8 (100%) patients with electrocardiographic pathological T wave inversion, in contrast to 13 out of the 25 (52%) without changes in T wave (P=.014). Depression was detected in 17 of 22 (77.27%) patients who smoked cigarettes versus 4 of 11 (36.36%) of patients who have never smoked (P=.021).
Conclusions:
Depressive symptoms are significantly present in patients suffering an acute coronary syndrome. Unemployment, pathological T wave inversion, and smoking seem to be associated with the presence of depressive symptoms after an acute coronary event.
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