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Adhesion occurs when one type of molecule is attracted to a different molecule. Water exhibits adhesive properties in the presence of polar surfaces, such as glass or cellulose in plants. For instance, when water is poured into a glass, the positively charged hydrogen molecules of water are more attracted to the negatively charged oxygen molecules in the silica than to the oxygen in neighboring water molecules.
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Adhesion between highly stretchable materials.

Jingda Tang1, Jianyu Li2, Joost J Vlassak2

  • 1State Key Lab for Turbulence and Complex Systems, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China and School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. vlassak@seas.harvard.edu suo@seas.harvard.edu.

Soft Matter
|November 18, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a method to measure adhesion between stretchable materials like gels and elastomers. They found that nanoparticles can enhance the bonding in these flexible material bilayers, crucial for advanced electronics and robotics.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Science
  • Surface Chemistry

Background:

  • High-speed ionic devices and soft robotics necessitate adherent laminates of stretchable, dissimilar materials.
  • Understanding and controlling adhesion between materials like gels and elastomers is critical for applications in medicine, stretchable electronics, and soft robotics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and apply a novel method for characterizing the adhesion of materials capable of large, elastic deformation.
  • To quantify the debond energy of elastomer-hydrogel bilayers and identify factors influencing adhesion.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a new experimental technique to measure adhesion in highly deformable material systems.
  • Application of the method to quantify the debond energy of acrylic elastomer and polyacrylamide hydrogel bilayers.
  • Investigation of the effect of hydrogel thickness and crosslink density on interfacial adhesion.

Main Results:

  • The debond energy between an acrylic elastomer and a polyacrylamide hydrogel was measured to be approximately 0.5 J m(-2).
  • This debond energy was found to be independent of the hydrogel's thickness and crosslink density.
  • The study demonstrated that incorporating nanoparticles at the interface significantly enhances adhesion between the elastomer and hydrogel.

Conclusions:

  • A low debond energy, coupled with thin and compliant hydrogels, enables adherent yet highly stretchable bilayers.
  • Nanoparticles offer a viable strategy for improving interfacial adhesion in stretchable elastomer-hydrogel systems.
  • The developed characterization method provides a valuable tool for designing advanced stretchable material interfaces.