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1,3-ß-D-glucan concentrations in blood products predict false positive post-transfusion results

B Liss1,2, O A Cornely1,2,3,4,5, D Hoffmann6

  • 1Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.

Mycoses
|November 19, 2015
PubMed

Insights

False positive results for 1,3-ß-D-glucan (BDG) invasive fungal infection (IFI) tests can occur due to blood products. Packed red blood cells and human albumin contain BDG, potentially causing elevated BDG levels post-transfusion.

Area of Science:

  • Clinical diagnostics
  • Medical laboratory science
  • Mycology

Background:

  • 1,3-ß-D-glucan (BDG) is a biomarker for invasive fungal infections (IFI).
  • False positive BDG results are a clinical concern, potentially impacting patient management.
  • The influence of blood product transfusions on BDG assay accuracy requires investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the BDG content in various blood products.
  • To determine if blood products can cause false positive BDG results.
  • To evaluate the clinical impact of blood product transfusions on patient BDG levels.

Main Methods:

  • Testing human albumin (HA), fresh frozen plasma (FFP), undiluted platelet transfusions (UPT), and packed red blood cells (PRBC) for BDG using two assays.
  • Serial dilution of blood products to correlate BDG concentration with product concentration.
  • Measuring patient BDG levels before and after transfusions (PRBC and HA).

Main Results:

  • UPTs were negative for BDG; FFP, PRBC, and HA tested positive.
  • BDG concentration showed a positive correlation with blood product concentration in serial dilutions.
  • Post-transfusion BDG levels significantly increased in patients receiving PRBC and HA.

Conclusions:

  • Certain blood products, including PRBC and HA, contain BDG.
  • Transfusion of these blood products can lead to elevated BDG levels, potentially causing false positive IFI diagnoses.
  • BDG levels in transfused blood products can predict false positive assay results.
Keywords:
AspergillosisBeta-1,3-glucanantigen testcandidemiacell wallinvasive fungal infection diagnostic test

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