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[AIDS in children: the influence of socioeconomic differences in Fortaleza, Ceará State, Brazil]

Emeline Moura Lopes1, Nathália Lima Pedrosa1, Eliane Rolim de Holanda2

  • 1Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brasil.

Cadernos De Saude Publica
|November 19, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric AIDS cases in Fortaleza, Brazil, show a spatial correlation with neighborhood income and poverty levels. These findings underscore the need for targeted public health interventions to improve living conditions and address health disparities.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Spatial Analysis

Background:

  • Pediatric Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) remains a significant global health concern.
  • Understanding the influence of socioeconomic factors on disease distribution is crucial for effective public health strategies.
  • Fortaleza, Ceará State, Brazil, presents a relevant context for studying pediatric AIDS and socioeconomic determinants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between pediatric AIDS incidence and neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics in Fortaleza.
  • To identify spatial patterns and clusters of pediatric AIDS cases in relation to socioeconomic indicators.

Main Methods:

  • Ecological and descriptive study design.
  • Utilized socioeconomic data from the 2010 Population Census and pediatric AIDS data (2001-2011) from the Information System on Notifiable Diseases.
  • Employed Pearson's correlation, Moran's index for spatial autocorrelation, and multinomial models for cluster identification.

Main Results:

  • A significant positive spatial correlation was observed between pediatric AIDS cases and neighborhood income (I = 0.6; p = 0.001).
  • A positive spatial correlation was also found between pediatric AIDS cases and the proportion of poor residents (I = 0.5; p = 0.001).
  • These areas with higher income and poverty were concentrated in the Northwest and Southwest regions of Fortaleza.

Conclusions:

  • Socioeconomic indicators are spatially correlated with pediatric AIDS cases in Fortaleza.
  • The findings highlight the importance of considering socioeconomic determinants in public health interventions for pediatric AIDS.
  • Addressing disparities in health and living conditions is essential for mitigating pediatric AIDS prevalence.

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