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Latent developmental and evolutionary shapes embedded within the grapevine leaf.

Daniel H Chitwood1, Laura L Klein2, Regan O'Hanlon2

  • 1Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St Louis, MO, 63132, USA.

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|November 19, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Leaf shape diversity in grapevines arises from independent genetic and developmental factors. Analyzing latent shapes reveals how timing changes contribute to distinct leaf morphologies, separating evolutionary and developmental influences.

Keywords:
developmentgrape (Vitis vinifera)leaf morphologyleaf shapephenotype

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Area of Science:

  • Plant morphology
  • Developmental biology
  • Evolutionary biology

Background:

  • Leaf shape exhibits significant diversity across plants, influenced by development, environment, and evolution.
  • Understanding the interplay between genetic and developmental factors shaping leaf morphology is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if developmental and genetic contributions to leaf shape are separable within grapevines (Vitis spp.).
  • To identify latent shapes that independently capture developmental and species-specific variations.

Main Methods:

  • Measured and analyzed shapes of over 3200 leaves from 270 wild grapevine relatives.
  • Isolated latent shapes using multivariate statistical methods.
  • Applied developmental stage predictions to 1200 domesticated grapevine varieties (Vitis vinifera).

Main Results:

  • Identified distinct latent shapes within leaf morphology that vary independently.
  • Demonstrated that these latent shapes can predict developmental stages independently of species identity, and vice versa.
  • Revealed that changes in developmental timing are a key driver of leaf shape diversity in domesticated grapevines.

Conclusions:

  • Leaf shape is a composite morphology resulting from the combination of distinct, independently varying latent shapes.
  • Developmental and evolutionary contributions to leaf shape can be separated and analyzed independently.
  • Timing of development plays a critical role in generating leaf shape variation within Vitis species.