Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway01:22

PI3K/mTOR/AKT Signaling Pathway

6.3K
The mammalian target of rapamycin  (mTOR) is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates growth, proliferation, and cell survival in response to hormones, growth factors, or nutrient availability. This kinase exists in two structurally and functionally distinct forms: mTOR complex 1  (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2  (mTORC2). The first form (mTORC1) is composed of a rapamycin-sensitive Raptor and proline-rich Akt substrate, PRAS40. In contrast,  mTORC2 consists of a...
6.3K
cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Pathways01:25

cAMP-dependent Protein Kinase Pathways

9.2K
Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate (cAMP) is an essential second messenger that activates protein kinase A (PKA) and regulates various biological processes. A single epinephrine molecule binds to GPCR and activates several heterotrimeric G proteins, each stimulating multiple adenylyl cyclase, amplifying the signal, and synthesizing large numbers of cAMP molecules. Small changes in cAMP concentration affect PKA activity. The binding of four cAMP molecules induces a conformational change in PKA,...
9.2K
Protein Kinases and Phosphatases02:54

Protein Kinases and Phosphatases

15.6K
Proteins undergo chemical modifications that trigger changes in the charge, structure, and conformation of the proteins. Phosphorylation, acetylation, glycosylation, nitrosylation, ubiquitination, lipidation, methylation, and proteolysis are various protein modifications that regulate protein activity. Such modifications are usually enzyme-driven.
Protein kinases
Many proteins in the cell are regulated by phosphorylation, the addition of a phosphate group. A family of enzymes called kinases...
15.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Local Sodium Tanshinone IIA Sulfonate Attenuates Periodontal Bone Loss by Modulating Inflammatory, Immune and Osteoclastogenic Signalling.

Journal of clinical periodontology·2026
Same author

Impact of oral biotin supplementation on periodontal disease progression and therapy in male rats.

Archives of oral biology·2026
Same author

Modulation of TLR4, hBD-2, and hBD-3 expression and hepatic tissue response by systemic probiotics in experimental apical periodontitis in rats.

Journal of applied oral science : revista FOB·2026
Same author

Calcium-Chitosan Scaffolds With Simvastatin Enhance Bone Regeneration in Critical-Sized Calvarial Defects in Rats.

Journal of biomedical materials research. Part B, Applied biomaterials·2026
Same author

Temporal histological and immunohistochemical characterization of experimental dental pulp inflammation in rats.

Archives of oral biology·2026
Same author

Foetal Development and Placental Health in Response to Apical Periodontitis Induced in Pregnant Wistar Rats.

International endodontic journal·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 29, 2026

Skeletal Phenotype Analysis of a Conditional Stat3 Deletion Mouse Model
08:42

Skeletal Phenotype Analysis of a Conditional Stat3 Deletion Mouse Model

Published on: July 3, 2020

5.2K

Periapical lesions decrease Akt serine phosphorylation and plasma membrane GLUT4 content in rat skeletal muscle.

Renato Felipe Pereira1, Max Sander de Oliveira da Mota1, Maria Sara de Lima Coutinho Mattera1

  • 1Programa de Pós-graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas-SBFis, Department of Basic Sciences, Araçatuba Dental School, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Rod. Marechal Rondom, km 527/528, Araçatuba, SP, 16018-805, Brazil.

Clinical Oral Investigations
|November 24, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Periapical lesions (PL) in rats reduce insulin sensitivity by decreasing Akt phosphorylation and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) in muscle membranes. Preventing endodontic disease may help avoid insulin resistance.

Keywords:
Diabetes mellitusGlucose transporter type 4Insulin resistancePeriapical lesions

More Related Videos

Identification of Intracellular Signaling Events Induced in Viable Cells by Interaction with Neighboring Cells Undergoing Apoptotic Cell Death
09:18

Identification of Intracellular Signaling Events Induced in Viable Cells by Interaction with Neighboring Cells Undergoing Apoptotic Cell Death

Published on: December 27, 2016

9.2K
Measurement of Insulin- and Contraction-Stimulated Glucose Uptake in Isolated and Incubated Mature Skeletal Muscle from Mice
08:01

Measurement of Insulin- and Contraction-Stimulated Glucose Uptake in Isolated and Incubated Mature Skeletal Muscle from Mice

Published on: May 16, 2021

6.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 29, 2026

Skeletal Phenotype Analysis of a Conditional Stat3 Deletion Mouse Model
08:42

Skeletal Phenotype Analysis of a Conditional Stat3 Deletion Mouse Model

Published on: July 3, 2020

5.2K
Identification of Intracellular Signaling Events Induced in Viable Cells by Interaction with Neighboring Cells Undergoing Apoptotic Cell Death
09:18

Identification of Intracellular Signaling Events Induced in Viable Cells by Interaction with Neighboring Cells Undergoing Apoptotic Cell Death

Published on: December 27, 2016

9.2K
Measurement of Insulin- and Contraction-Stimulated Glucose Uptake in Isolated and Incubated Mature Skeletal Muscle from Mice
08:01

Measurement of Insulin- and Contraction-Stimulated Glucose Uptake in Isolated and Incubated Mature Skeletal Muscle from Mice

Published on: May 16, 2021

6.8K

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Science
  • Endocrinology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Periapical lesions (PL) are associated with insulin resistance, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully elucidated.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing targeted interventions against metabolic dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of periapical lesions on insulin signaling pathways.
  • To evaluate Akt serine phosphorylation and GLUT4 expression in the gastrocnemius muscle of rats with PL.

Main Methods:

  • Male Wistar rats were divided into control and PL groups, with PL induced by exposing pulpal tissue.
  • Insulin resistance was assessed using HOMA-IR, and Akt phosphorylation and GLUT4 levels in muscle fractions were analyzed via Western blotting.

Main Results:

  • Rats with PL exhibited reduced insulin sensitivity (higher HOMA-IR) compared to controls.
  • PL significantly decreased Akt serine phosphorylation and plasma membrane GLUT4 levels following insulin stimulation.
  • No significant difference in microsomal GLUT4 levels was observed between groups.

Conclusions:

  • Periapical lesions impair insulin sensitivity by downregulating Akt phosphorylation and GLUT4 translocation to the plasma membrane.
  • These findings suggest that managing endodontic disease could be a strategy to prevent or mitigate insulin resistance.