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Schema modes in eating disorders compared to a community sample.

Daniel Talbot1, Evelyn Smith1, Alethea Tomkins1

  • 1Clinical and Health Psychology Research Initiative (CaHPRI), School of Social Sciences and Psychology, Western Sydney University, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith South DC, NSW 2751 Australia.

Journal of Eating Disorders
|November 24, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Women with eating disorders (ED) frequently use maladaptive schema modes and less frequently use adaptive schema modes compared to the general population. This supports a schema mode model for understanding eating disorders like anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and other specified feeding or eating disorder (OSFED).

Keywords:
AustraliaEating disorder examination questionnaireEating disordersFemaleSchema mode inventorySchema mode therapy

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Clinical Psychology
  • Psychopathology

Background:

  • Eating disorders (ED) are complex mental health conditions.
  • Schema modes, representing cognitive-behavioral patterns, are increasingly studied in relation to EDs.
  • Understanding the specific schema modes linked to different ED diagnoses is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between various schema modes and the presence of eating disorders.
  • To identify specific schema modes linked to anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and other specified feeding or eating disorder (OSFED).

Main Methods:

  • A study involving 47 women diagnosed with eating disorders and 89 women from the community.
  • Eating disorder diagnoses were clinically confirmed using Body Mass Index (BMI) and the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q).
  • The Schema Mode Inventory (SMI) was administered to assess schema mode patterns.

Main Results:

  • The eating disorder group exhibited significantly higher scores on 10 out of 12 maladaptive schema modes compared to the community sample.
  • Participants with AN, BN, and OSFED showed significantly higher engagement in most maladaptive schema modes than the control group.
  • All ED groups scored significantly lower on both adaptive schema modes compared to the community sample, with effect sizes (Cohen's d) ranging from 0.55 to 2.24.

Conclusions:

  • Females with eating disorders demonstrate a greater reliance on maladaptive schema modes and a lesser use of adaptive schema modes.
  • These findings provide preliminary empirical evidence supporting a schema mode model as an explanatory framework for eating disorders.
  • The study highlights the potential role of schema modes in the development and maintenance of AN, BN, and OSFED.