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Risk factors for granuloma formation in children induced by tracheobronchial foreign bodies

Zhenghua Huang1, Ai Zhou1, Jianya Zhang1

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Nanjing Children's Hospital, Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, PR China.

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology
|November 25, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Plant-based tracheobronchial foreign bodies like peanuts can cause granuloma formation in children. Smoothness, oil release, and retention time are key risk factors for developing these granulomas.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Otolaryngology
  • Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Conditions

Background:

  • Tracheobronchial foreign bodies (TFB) are common in children, with plant-based materials posing unique risks.
  • Granuloma formation is a significant complication of TFB, leading to airway obstruction and respiratory distress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify risk factors associated with granuloma formation in children with plant-based TFB.
  • To elucidate the pathogenesis of granuloma development secondary to TFB.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 153 pediatric cases with TFB (peanuts, watermelon seeds).
  • Comparison of cases with granuloma formation (G group) versus no granuloma (NG group).
  • Statistical analysis of clinical data including foreign body surface smoothness (SF), oil release (O), and retention time (T).

Main Results:

  • Univariate analysis indicated SF, O, and T as significant factors.
  • Multivariate logistic regression identified SF and T as independent risk factors for granuloma development.
  • No significant differences were found for sex, age, shape, or location.

Conclusions:

  • Foreign body surface characteristics (smoothness) and prolonged retention time are critical in granuloma formation.
  • Local trauma from irregular foreign bodies and extended presence contribute significantly to pathogenesis.
  • Understanding these factors can guide prevention and management strategies for TFB complications.
Abstract

Keywords:
Bronchial foreign bodyBronchoscopyChildrenGranuloma formationTracheal foreign body

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